From: Blood pressure in primary school children in Uganda: a cross-sectional survey
Variable | Mean (SD) | Mean difference (95% CI) | P | Adjusted mean difference (95% CI)b | P | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Systolic blood pressure | ||||||
Age | 3.24 (2.73, 3.75) | <0.001 | 3.14 (2.63, 3.65) | <0.001 | ||
Gender | Male | 115.9 (12.5) | reference | reference | ||
Female | 117.7 (12.3) | 1.79 (-0.28, 3.87) | 0.09 | 1.81 (0.01, 3.61) | 0.05 | |
BMI Z score | 3.29 (2.14, 4.43)c | <0.001 | 2.78 (1.74, 3.83)c | <0.001 | ||
Family history of high blood pressure | None | 116.5 (12.7) | reference | 0.13 | reference | 0.97 |
Any | 118.0 (11.9) | 1.49 (-0.76, 3.75) | 0.25 (-1.71, 2.21) | |||
Not known | 114.2 (11.2) | -2.34 (-6.01, 1.34) | -0.01 (-3.19, 3.18) | |||
Cigarette smoke exposure | Unexposed | 117.4 (12.2) | reference | reference | ||
Exposed | 114.7 (12.6) | -2.68 (-5.22, -0.13) | 0.04 | -1.03 (-3.25, 1.18) | 0.36 | |
Rural or urban school | Rural | 116.8 (10.8) | reference | |||
Urban | 117.0 (13.1) | 0.22 (-1.98, 2.42) | 0.84 | |||
Malariaa | Uninfected | 119.1 (12.0) | reference | reference | ||
Infected | 113.7 (1.06) | -5.40 (-8.37, -2.43) | <0.001 | -3.79 (-6.31, -1.27) | 0.003 | |
Schistosoma mansoni a | Uninfected | 117.8 (11.8) | reference | |||
Infected | 115.8 (13.3) | -2.05 (-7.91, 3.80) | 0.49 | |||
Soil transmitted helminthsa | Uninfected | 117.4 (12.0) | reference | |||
Infected | 120.0 (10.6) | 2.52 (-2.00, 7.04) | 0.27 | |||
Diastolic blood pressure | ||||||
Age | 1.53 (1.14, 1.91) | <0.001 | 1.48 (1.10, 1.85) | <0.001 | ||
Gender | Male | 67.6 (8.9) | reference | reference | ||
Female | 68.3 (8.5) | 0.73 (-0.74, 2.19) | 0.33 | 0.86 (-0.50, 2.23) | 0.22 | |
BMI Z score | 1.56 (0.73, 2.38) | <0.001 | 1.64 (0.85, 2.43) | <0.001 | ||
Family history of high blood pressure | None | 67.5 (9.2) | reference | 0.20 | ||
Any | 68.8 (8.1) | 1.39 (-0.20, 2.98) | ||||
Not known | 67.3 (7.3) | -0.14 (-2.74, 2.45) | ||||
Cigarette smoke exposure | Unexposed | 68.0 (8.5) | reference | |||
Exposed | 67.6 (9.1) | -0.39 (-2.18, 1.40) | 0.67 | |||
Rural or urban school | Rural | 69.8 (7.8) | reference | reference | ||
Urban | 67.1 (9.0) | -2.73 (-4.26, -1.20) | <0.001 | -3.08 (-4.54, -1.62) | <0.001 | |
Malariaa | Uninfected | 69.8 (8.7) | reference | reference | ||
Infected | 66.9 (8.2) | -2.93 (-5.11, -0.74) | 0.009 | -2.84 (-4.97, -0.72) | 0.009 | |
Schistosoma mansoni a | Uninfected | 69.3 (8.6) | reference | |||
Infected | 67.8 (9.7) | -1.52 (-5.78, 2.75) | 0.48 | |||
Soil transmitted helminthsa | Uninfected | 69.1 (8.8) | reference | |||
Infected | 70.9 (6.9) | 1.80 (-1.49, 5.09) | 0.28 |