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Table 4 Multivariate associations (using stepwise backward and forward regression p < .05) between participant characteristics and the onset of drug use other than cannabis

From: Predictors of onset of cannabis and other drug use in male young adults: results from a longitudinal study

Variable categories and variables

Separate model for each variable category

Overall modela,b

 

OR (95% CI)

p

OR (95% CI)

p

Demographics

    

Religion and religiosity c

    

Atheist (Ref.)

    

 Agnostic

0.80 (0.53-1.20)

.28

  

 Unsure what to think about god

0.69 (0.43-1.11)

.13

  

 Belief in god but not practicing

0.87 (0.62-1.21)

.41

  

 Belief in god and practicing

0.28 (0.14-0.55)

<.01

  

Health d

    

Depression (MDI, scale 0–50)

1.03 (1.01-1.04)

<.01

1.02 (1.00-1.04)

.02

No attention deficit syndrome (ASRS) (Ref.)

    

 Attention deficit syndrome

1.84 (1.04-3.27)

.04

  

No anti-social personality disorder (Ref.)

    

 Anti-social personality disorder

2.50 (1.81-3.46)

<.01

1.51 (1.06-2.13)

.02

Social context e

    

Lower parental knowledge of peers and the

    

 whereabouts at the age of 15 (Ref.)

    

 Higher parental knowledge of peers and the

    

 whereabouts at the age of 15

0.58 (0.44-0.79)

<.01

0.73 (0.54-1.00)

.05

No psychiatric problem of peer/s at age of 15 (Ref.)

    

 Psychiatric problem of peer/s at age of 15

1.82 (1.37-2.42)

<.01

1.53 (1.15-2.05)

<.01

Peer pressure (PPI total score, range -3 - +3)

1.79 (1.26-2.54)

<.01

  

Substance use f

    

No cigarette use in the previous 12 months (Ref.)

    

 Very low nicotine dependence (FTND)

1.19 (0.84-1.69)

.32

  

 Low, moderate or high nicotine dependence (FTND)

1.58 (1.02-2.43)

.04

  

No cannabis use in the previous 12 months (Ref.)ab

    

 Low cannabis dependence (CUDIT)

3.92 (2.90-5.31)

<.01

3.01 (2.20-4.10)

<.01

 Moderate or high cannabis dependence (CUDIT)

7.08 (4.54-11.03)

<.01

4.13 (2.59-6.57)

<.01

Personality g

    

Sensation seeking (BSSS total score, range 1–5)

1.90 (1.60-2.26)

<.01

1.49 (1.23-1.79)

<.01

Anxiety (ZKPQ, subscale, range 0–10)

1.11 (1.04-1.18)

<.01

  

Military training school

    
  1. Notes: aThe overall model resulted from backward and forward selection of the variables included in the separate models for each variable category. b R 2 = .11; c R 2 = .01; d R 2 = .03; e R 2 = .03; f R 2 = .08; g R 2 = .04. MDI = Major Depressive Inventory; FTND = Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence; CUDIT = Cannabis Use Disorder Identification Test; BSSS = Brief Sensation Seeking Scale; ZKPQ = Zuckerman-Kuhlman Personality Questionnaire; PPI = Peer Pressure Inventory.
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BMC Public Health

ISSN: 1471-2458

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