Table 1 Mortality rates by season, rate differences (both per 100,000 population), and rate ratios comparing winter and summer, for children with RTIs only and any respiratory condition, with winter excess deaths shown as estimated number and percentage of all non-injury winter deaths and all RTI-related deaths, by age group and indicator used, England, 2001-2010
From: Contribution of respiratory tract infections to child deaths: a data linkage study
Indicator used | Ratewinter(95% CI) | Ratesummer(95% CI) | Rate ratiowinter/summer(95% CI) | Rate differencewinter-summer(95% CI)† | Total number of excess RTI-related deaths in winter (range)* | Average number of excess RTI-related deaths each winter (range)* | Winter excess as % of total non-injury deaths in winter** | Winter excess as % of total RTI-related deaths*** |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
28-364 days | ||||||||
RTIs only | 28.7 (27.1, 30.5) | 17.2 (15.5, 19.0) | 1.68 (1.49, 1.88) | 11.59 (9.19, 13.98) | 454 (360, 548) | 45 (36, 55) | 7.3% | 30.0% |
Any respiratory condition | 74.4 (71.7, 77.1) | 58.1 (54.9, 61.3) | 1.28 (1.20, 1.37) | 16.23 (12.08, 20.38) | 636 (474, 799) | 64 (47, 80) | 10.2% | 15.1% |
1-4 years | ||||||||
RTIs only | 7.3 (6.8, 7.7) | 3.5 (3.1, 3.9) | 2.08 (1.84, 2.37) | 3.78 (3.20, 4.36) | 576 (487, 664) | 58 (49, 66) | 18.8% | 40.8% |
Any respiratory condition | 10.5 (10.0, 11.0) | 6.1 (5.6, 6.7) | 1.71 (1.55, 1.89) | 4.37 (3.63, 5.10) | 665 (553, 776) | 66 (55, 78) | 21.8% | 31.2% |
5-18 years | ||||||||
RTIs only | 2.8 (2.6, 2.9) | 1.7 (1.6, 1.9) | 1.60 (1.45, 1.76) | 1.04 (0.84, 1.24) | 583 (471, 695) | 58 (47, 69) | 9.6% | 27.6% |
Any respiratory condition | 4.8 (4.6, 4.9) | 3.6 (3.4, 3.8) | 1.32 (1.23, 1.41) | 1.14 (0.87, 1.42) | 640 (485, 794) | 64 (49, 79) | 10.6% | 16.7% |
All ages | ||||||||
RTIs only | 5.0 (4.9, 5.2) | 2.9 (2.7, 3.1) | 1.74 (1.63, 1.86) | 2.1 (1.9, 2.4) | 1613 (1442, 1784) | 161 (144, 178) | 10.5% | 32.0% |
Any respiratory condition | 9.6 (9.3, 9.8) | 7.0 (6.7, 7.2) | 1.37 (1.31, 1.43) | 2.6 (2.3, 2.9) | 1941 (1691, 2191) | 194 (169, 219) | 12.6% | 19.1% |