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Table 1 Characteristics of the study population

From: Association between physical activity, multimorbidity, self-rated health and functional limitation in the Spanish population

 

16-24 years

25-44 years

45-64 years

65-74 years

>74 years

 

Males

Females

Males

Females

Males

Females

Males

Females

Males

Females

 

N = 824

N = 813

N = 3594

N = 3837

N = 3298

N = 3797

N = 1209

N = 1641

N = 1122

N = 2055

 

N

(%)

N

(%)

N

(%)

N

(%)

N

(%)

N

(%)

N

(%)

N

(%)

N

(%)

N

(%)

Number of chronic diseases

                    

0

602

73.06

567

69.74

2340

65.11*

2177

56.74*

1551

47.03*

1318

34.71*

337

27.87*

252

15.36*

193

17.20*

197

9.59*

1

161

19.54

142

17.47

824

22.93

860

22.41

806

24.44*

828

21.81*

312

25.81*

267

16.27*

287

25.58*

339

16.50*

2

42

5.10*

71

8.73*

277

7.71*

399

10.40*

437

13.25

558

14.70

248

20.51*

280

17.06*

239

21.30*

367

17.86*

≥3

19

2.31

33

4.06

153

4.26*

401

10.45*

504

15.28*

1093

28.79*

312

25.81*

842

51.31*

403

35.92*

1152

56.06*

Self-rated general health

                    

Very poor to normal

54

6.55*

87

10.70*

466

12.97*

705

18.37*

993

30.11*

1449

38.16*

560

46.32*

993

60.51*

671

59.80*

1,463

71.19*

Good to very good

770

93.45*

726

89.30*

3128

87.03*

3132

81.63*

2305

69.89*

2348

61.84*

649

53.68*

648

39.49*

451

40.20*

592

28.81*

Long-term activity limitations

                    

Not limited

771

93.57

740

91.02

3170

88.20*

3258

84.91*

2543

77.11*

2623

69.08*

778

64.35*

836

50.94*

500

44.56*

670

32.60*

Limited

53

6.43

73

8.98

424

11.8*0

579

15.09*

755

22.89*

1174

30.92*

431

35.65*

805

49.06*

622

55.44*

1385

67.40*

Educational level

                    

Lowest1

23

2.79

15

1.85

111

3.09

105

2.74

345

10.46*

484

12.75*

372

30.77*

715

43.57*

552

49.20*

1166

56.74*

Low2

459

55.70*

398

48.95*

1368

38.06*

1164

30.34*

1468

44.51

1759

46.33

531

43.92

702

42.78

410

36.54

733

35.67

Average3

292

35.44

321

39.48

1329

36.98

1371

35.73

898

27.23*

910

23.97*

174

14.39*

140

8.53*

79

7.04*

86

4.18*

High4

49

5.95*

79

9.72*

785

21.84*

1197

31.20*

582

17.65

641

16.88

130

10.75

81

4.94

78

6.95*

66

3.21*

Unknown/ No response

1

0.12

0

0.00

1

0.03

0

0

5

0.15

3

0.08

2

0.17

3

0.18

3

0.27

4

0.19

Employment status

                    

Not working5

605

73.42

615

75.65

751

20.90*

1334

34.77*

1088

32.99*

1965

51.75*

1157

95.70*

1598

97.38*

1119

99.73

2050

99.76

Working

218

26.46

197

24.23

2841

79.05*

2501

65.18*

2205

66.86*

1832

48.25*

52

4.30*

41

2.50*

3

0.27

5

0.24

No response

1

0.12

1

0.12

2

0.06

2

0.05

5

0.15

0

0.00

0

0.00

2

0.12

0

0.00

0

0.00

Physical activity (≥500) METs)

                    

No

123

14.93*

212

26.08*

780

21.70*

916

23.87*

770

23.35

901

23.73

281

23.24*

502

30.59*

409

36.45*

1036

50.41*

Yes

701

85.07*

601

73.92*

2814

78.30*

2921

76.13*

2528

76.65

2896

76.27

928

76.76*

1139

69.41*

713

63.55*

1019

49.59*

  1. 1Lowest: “Cannot read or write” or “Did not complete primary school”. 2Low: “Primary school or equivalent” or “Compulsory secondary education”. 3Average: “Baccalaureate degree” to “Higher-level vocational studies”. 4High: “University degree” or “Doctoral degree”. 5Not working: “Unemployed”, “Student, apprentice, or intern”, “Retired”, “Unable to work”, “Dedicated to housework”, or “Other”.
  2. *Statistically significant differences between males and females for a given age group (p-value <0.05).