Table 4 Proposed and marketed urinary tests for bladder cancer screening: summary of performance, availability, acceptability, adverse effects

Detection of haematuria using a reactive test strip

46 to 74% for one test, If test repeated over several days: 90 to 95%

51 to 84%

[190, 198–202]

Urinary cytology

▪ For all tumour grades and stages: 44% [CI 95%, 38–51] [203]

▪ For all tumour grades and stages: 96% [CI 95%, 94–98][203]

[191–197, 203, 204]

▪ For Carcinoma in situ (Cis) 70 to 90%

▪ For Cis: 90%

NMP22BC test

▪ For all tumour grades and stages: 65% [CI 95%, 50–80] [203]

▪ For all tumour grades and stages: 81% [CI 95%, 50–85] [203]

[197, 203–209]

- NMIBC: 81.8%

- MIBC: 57.1%

- Grade G1: 83.9%

- Grade G3: 62.5%

Fluorescence immunocytochemistry (ImmunoCyt™/uCyt + ™)

▪ For all tumour grades and stages: 84% [CI 95%, 77–91] [203]

▪ For all tumour grades and stages: 75% [CI 95%, 68–83] [203]

[189, 203, 210–213]

FISH (Fluorescence In Situ Hybridisation) UroVysion™ Kit

▪ For all tumour grades and stages: 76% [CI 95%, 65–84] [203]

▪ For all tumour grades and stages: 75% [CI 95%, 78–92] [203]

[189, 191, 192, 203, 214–218]

▪ For Cis and G3: >95%