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Table 2 Association between stunting, underweight and various characteristics, IHS-2 data

From: Seasonal variation of child under nutrition in Malawi: is seasonal food availability an important factor? Findings from a national level cross-sectional study

Variable

% stunted

Chi square P Value

% underweight

Chi square P Value

N

Interviewed March to August

52.0

<0.001

13.8

<0.01

4,012

Interviewed September to February

47.2

 

11.0

 

2,675

Participates in a Nutrition Intervention

59.9

<0.01

25.1

<0.001

226

Does not

49.6

 

12.2

 

6,452

Participates in under-five clinic

49.8

0.59

13.9

<0.001

4,137

Does not

50.5

 

10.8

 

2,543

Child characteristics

     

Male

52.5

<0.001

14.5

<0.001

3,279

Female

47.6

 

11.0

 

3,408

Child was ill

50.5

0.56

14.0

0.02

2,661

Child was not ill

49.8

 

11.9

 

4,026

Household characteristics

     

Has a toilet facility

50.6

<0.001

12.1

0.09

4,216

No toilet

55.1

 

12.5

 

760

Missing

46.4

 

14.3

 

1,711

Has piped or protected water source

49.4

<0.001

10.9

<0.001

3,333

Neither piped nor protected water source

55.2

 

14.6

 

1,610

Missing

46.5

 

14.2

 

1,711

Has permanent roof and improved floor

41.8

<0.001

7.0

<0.001

812

Has either a permanent roof or an improved floor

49.9

 

9.1

 

485

No permanent roof and no improved floor

53.5

 

13.6

 

3,686

Missing

46.3

 

14.3

 

1,704

Household is poor

51.1

0.04

13.4

0.08

3,710

Household is not poor

48.3

 

11.8

 

2,977

Household head qualification

     

No qualification

53.2

<0.001

13.3

<0.001

3,693

Primary school certificate

48.2

 

9.9

 

570

Junior secondary school or higher

43.2

 

7.7

 

715

Missing

46.4

 

14.2

 

1,709

Location characteristics

     

Northern region

47.9

<0.001

11.7

0.09

1,093

Central region

53.2

 

13.7

 

2,645

Southern region

47.7

 

12.0

 

2,949

Urban

46.6

0.07

11.3

0.28

713

Rural

50.4

 

12.8

 

5,974