Table 3 A comparison of REAT derived from physical or visual methods and their agreement (Property level items N = 43; Street level items N = 48)
Domain | Question | Physical (n) | Visual (n) | Gwet’s AC1 (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Physical incivilities | Property level | Vandalism to private properties | 3 | 2 | 0.87 (0.75, 0.99) |
Vacant properties | 0 | 0 | 1.00 (1.00, 1.00) | ||
Burn out properties | 0 | 1 | 0.98 (0.93, 1.00) | ||
Broken windows/doors | 0 | 0 | 1.00 (1.00, 1.00) | ||
Abandoned cars | 1 | 1 | 1.00 (1.00, 1.00) | ||
Street level | Public area maintenance | 24 | 26 | 0.93 (0.82, 1.00) | |
Stray dogs | 2 | 3 | 0.88 (0.78, 0.99) | ||
Derelict land | 0 | 0 | 1.00 (1.00, 1.00) | ||
Illegal parking | 0 | 1 | 0.98 (0.94, 1.00) | ||
Dog litter in the street | 0 | 0 | 1.00 (1.00, 1.00) | ||
Littered street | 13 | 17 | 0.27 (0.00, 0.58) | ||
Vandalism to public property | 1 | 1 | 0.96 (0.89, 1.00) | ||
Poor path condition | 33 | 30 | 0.43 (0.16, 0.71) | ||
Territorial functioning | Property level | Low external beautification | 5 | 11 | 0.42 (0.20, 0.65) |
Low garden maintenance | 4 | 8 | 0.64 (0.44, 0.84) | ||
Low property maintenance | 11 | 4 | 0.39 (0.15, 0.63) | ||
Street level | No neighbourhood watch signs | 33 | 38 | 0.83 (0.68, 0.98) | |
Defensible space | Property level | Low defensible space | 4 | 4 | 0.80 (0.60, 0.99) |
Street level | Public parking (on street or public court) | 5 | 5 | 0.66 (0.48, 0.84) | |
Intense dense properties | 9 | 9 | 1.00 (1.00, 1.00) | ||
Natural environment | Property level | No trees in front gardens | 6 | 5 | 0.91 (0.80, 1.00) |
Street level | Front outlook: green | 22 | 23 | 0.96 (0.88, 1.00) | |
Front outlook: commercial | 14 | 13 | 0.94 (0.86, 1.00) | ||
Front outlook: industrial | 4 | 4 | 1.00 (1.00, 1.00) | ||
No trees in public space | 27 | 22 | 0.82 (0.68, 0.96) | ||
No planted vegetation | 22 | 24 | 0.83 (0.67, 0.99) | ||
No green space | 21 | 22 | 0.96 (0.88, 1.00) | ||
No recreational space | 44 | 42 | 0.95 (0.88, 1.00) | ||