From: Health literacy among refugees in Sweden – a cross-sectional study
Variables (N = 455) | Total | Somalia | Afghanistan | Iraq | Syria | Other | p-value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | ||
107 (27.4) | 41 (10.5) | 88 (22.5) | 90 (23.0) | 65 (16.6) | |||
Gender | < 0.001 | ||||||
Men | 242 (54.3) | 41 (39.4) | 27 (65.9) | 37 (42.0) | 67 (77.0) | 34 (53.1) | |
Women | 204 (45.7) | 63 (60.6) | 14 (34.1) | 51 (58.0) | 20 (23.0) | 30 (46.9) | |
Age | 0.030 | ||||||
18–24 | 54 (13.1) | 18 (17.8) | 10 (25.6) | 10 (12.8) | 8 (10.1) | 6 (10.5) | |
25–44 | 275 (66.9) | 71 (70.3) | 22 (56.4) | 43 (55.1) | 54 (68.4) | 39 (68.4) | |
45 years or older | 82 (20.0) | 12 (11.9) | 7 (17.9) | 25 (32.1) | 17 (21.5) | 12 (21.1) | |
Education | < 0.001 | ||||||
None | 56 (12.5) | 25 (23.4) | 11 (27.5) | 4 (4.5) | 8 (9.0) | 3 (4.8) | |
1–6 years | 103 (22.9) | 43 (40.2) | 14 (35.0) | 17 (19.3) | 21 (23.6) | 4 (6.3) | |
7–12 years | 149 (33.2) | 30(28.0) | 7 (17.5) | 26 (29.5) | 29 (32.6) | 28 (44.4) | |
More than 12 years | 141 (32.4) | 9 (8.4) | 8 (20.0) | 41 (46.6) | 31 (34.8) | 28 (44.4) | |
FHL | 0.075 | ||||||
Inadequate | 238 (60.1) | 69 (75.8) | 23 (69.7) | 48 (60.0) | 47 (57.3) | 28 (51.9) | |
Problematic | 78 (19.7) | 13 (14.3) | 5 (15.2) | 12 (15.0) | 18 (22.0) | 14 (25.9) | |
Sufficient | 80 (20.2) | 9 (9.9) | 5 (15.2) | 20 (25.0) | 17 (20.7) | 12 (22.2) | |
CHL | 0.850 | ||||||
Inadequate | 78 (27.4) | 14 (19.4) | 8 (29.6) | 13 (25.5) | 11 (20.4) | 12 (32.4) | |
Problematic | 98 (34.4) | 27 (37.5) | 11 (40.7) | 18 (35.3) | 21 (38.9) | 11 (29.7) | |
Sufficient | 109(38.2) | 31 (43.1) | 8 (29.6) | 20 (39.2) | 22 (40.7) | 14 (37.8) | |
Years of resid. permit | < 0.001 | ||||||
Less than 1 year | 28 (7.1) | 2 (2.0) | 3 (7.9) | 2 (2.7) | 15 (19.5) | 2 (3.9) | |
1 – 2 years | 259 (65.2) | 49 (49.5) | 26 (68.4) | 37 (49.3) | 59 (76.6) | 42 (82.4) | |
More than 2 years | 110 (27.7) | 48 (48.5) | 9 (23.7) | 36 (48.0) | 3 (3.9) | 7 (13.7) | |
Religion | < 0.001 | ||||||
Not religious | 22 (5.5) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (8.3) | 4 (5.6) | 3 (3.7) | 2 (3.4) | |
Muslim | 288 (71.5) | 100 (100.0) | 29 (80.6) | 40 (55.6) | 50 (61.0) | 35 (60.3) | |
Christian | 71 (17.6) | 0 (0.0) | 4 (11.1) | 10 (13.9) | 28 (34.1) | 18 (31.0) | |
Other religion | 22 (5.5) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 18 (25.0) | 1 (1.2) | 3 (5.2) | |
Long-term illness | < 0.001 | ||||||
No | 280 (65.9) | 81 (79.4) | 17 (41.5) | 50 (58.8) | 56 (67.5) | 38 (65.5) | |
Yes | 145 (34.1) | 21 (20.6) | 24 (58.5) | 35 (41.2) | 27 (32.5) | 20 (34.5) | |
Health care last 3 months | 0.126 | ||||||
No | 222(52.7) | 47 (47.5) | 20 (48.8) | 40 (48.2) | 53 (63.9) | 34 (59.6) | |
Yes | 199(47.3) | 52 (52.5) | 21 (51.2) | 43 (51.8) | 30 (36.1) | 23 (40.4) | |
Self-assessed health | < 0.001 | ||||||
Very poor | 17 (3.9) | 1 (1.0) | 3 (7.3) | 6 (6.8) | 4 (4.6) | 1 (1.7) | |
Poor | 50 (11.3) | 4 (3.9) | 7 (17.1) | 16 (18.2) | 9 (10.3) | 5 (8.3) | |
Fair | 139 (31.5) | 32 (31.4) | 17 (41.5) | 31 (35.2) | 28 (32.2) | 14 (23.3) | |
Good | 117 (26.5) | 17 (16.7) | 8 (19.5) | 24 (27.3) | 28 (32.2) | 19 (31.7) | |
Very good | 118 (26.8) | 48 (47.1) | 6 (14.6) | 11 (12.5) | 18 (20.7) | 21 (35.0) |