Table 1 Definitions of key variables
From: Violence against primary school children with disabilities in Uganda: a cross-sectional study
Variable name | Items | Coding |
|---|---|---|
Disabled | Do you have any mental or physical disability? For example, do you have trouble seeing, walking, speaking, fits, or anything else? Response options: None, Trouble seeing, Trouble hearing, Trouble walking/with movement, Trouble with speech, Fits, Other. | Coded 1 if answered yes to any of the items; 0 if answered no to all items. |
Emotional violence, neglect | Cursed, insulted, shouted at or humiliated you? Referred to your skin colour/gender/religion/tribe or health problems you have in a hurtful way? Stopped you from being with other children to make you feel bad or lonely? Tried to embarrass you because you were an orphan or without a parent? Embarrassed you because you were unable to buy things? Stole or broke or ruined your belongings? Threatened you with bad marks that you didn’t deserve? Accused you of witchcraft? | Coded 1 if answered yes to any of the items; 0 if answered no to all items. |
Physical violence | Hurt you or caused pain to you? Slapped you with a hand on your face or head as punishment? Slapped you with a hand on your arm or hand? Twisted your ear as punishment? Twisted your arm as punishment? Pulled your hair as punishment? Hit you by throwing an object at you? Hit you with a closed fist? Hit you with a stick? Caned you? Kicked you? Knocked you on the head as punishment? Made you dig, slash a field, or do other labour as punishment? Hit your fingers or hands with an object as punishment? Crushed your fingers or hands as punishment? Made you stand/kneel in a way that hurts to punish you? Made you stay outside for example in the heat or rain to punish you? Burnt you as punishment*? Taken your food away from you as punishment? Forced you to do something that was dangerous? Choked you*? Tied you up with a rope or belt at school? Tried to cut you purposefully with a sharp object*? Severely beat you up*? | Coded 1 if answered yes to any of the items; 0 if answered no to all items. |
*severe physical violence | ||
Sexual violence | Teased you or made sexual comments about your breasts, genitals, buttocks or other body parts? Touched your body in a sexual way or in a way that made you uncomfortable? By “sexual way” we mean touching you on your genitals, breasts or buttocks. Showed you pictures, magazines, or movies of people or children doing sexual things? Made you take your clothes off when it was not for a medical reason? Opened or took their own clothes off in front of you when they should not have done so? Kiss you when you didn’t want to be kissed? Make you touch their genitals, breasts or buttocks when you didn’t want to? Touch your genitals, breasts or buttocks when you didn’t want them to? Give you money/ things to do sexual things? Involve you in making sexual pictures or videos? Threaten or pressure you to have sex or do sexual things with them? Actually make you have sex with them by threatening or pressuring you, or by making you afraid of what they might do? Make you have sex with them by physically forcing you (have sex with you)? | Coded 1 if answered yes to any of the items; 0 if answered no to all items. |
Injury | Have any of the following things ever happened to you as a result of what teachers or adults at your school have done to you, as you told me about above? You felt pain? You had bruising*? You had swelling*? You were bleeding*? You had cuts*? It was difficult to sit down on your buttocks*? It was difficult to walk*? You lost consciousness, even temporarily**? You suffered a dislocated, sprained, fractured or broken bone**? You had any other serious injury**? You had to get medical attention, for example from the health worker or hospital**? You had to stay home from school? | Coded 1 if answered yes to any of the items; 0 if answered no to all items. |
*moderate injury | ||
**severe injury | ||
Physical violence from school staff | What are the methods of physical discipline you have used with students? Have you ever: Slapped them with a hand on their face or head as punishment? Twisted their ear as punishment? Twisted their arm as punishment? Pulled their hair as punishment? Hit them by throwing an object at them? Hit them with a closed fist? Hit them with a stick? Caned them? Kicked them? Knocked them on the head as punishment? Made them dig, slash a field, or do other labour as punishment? Hit their fingers or hands with an object as punishment? Crushed their fingers or hands as punishment? Made them stand/kneel in a way that hurts to punish them? Made them stay outside for example in the heat or rain to punish them? Burnt them as punishment? Taken their food away as punishment? Forced them to do something that was dangerous? Choked them? Tied them up (with a rope or belt) at school? Tried to cut them purposefully with a sharp object? Made them roll over on the ground until they were dizzy as punishment? | Coded 1 if answered yes to any of the items; 0 if answered no to all items |