|  | Model I | Model II | Model III | Model IV | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Variable | Effect | OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | ||||
Age (years) | 71–75 vs ≤70 | 0.36 | 0.18 | 0.69 | 0.36 | 0.18 | 0.70 | 0.34 | 0.17 | 0.70 | 0.27 | 0.13 | 0.58 |
 | >75 vs ≤70 | 0.38 | 0.22 | 0.67 | 0.41 | 0.23 | 0.74 | 0.53 | 0.28 | 1.02 | 0.60 | 0.30 | 1.21 |
Gender | Women vs Men | 0.64 | 0.39 | 1.08 | 0.79 | 0.46 | 1.36 | 0.88 | 0.50 | 1.56 | 1.08 | 0.58 | 2.00 |
Education | ≤6 years vs Illiterate | 1.49 | 0.41 | 5.41 | 1.07 | 0.28 | 4.03 | 0.99 | 0.26 | 3.88 | 1.03 | 0.25 | 4.27 |
 | 7–12 years vs Illiterate | 2.87 | 0.84 | 9.79 | 1.91 | 0.54 | 6.75 | 1.93 | 0.53 | 7.03 | 1.61 | 0.42 | 6.22 |
 | ≥ 13 years vs Illiterate | 2.86 | 0.81 | 10.11 | 2.18 | 0.60 | 7.99 | 2.18 | 0.58 | 8.28 | 1.87 | 0.46 | 7.63 |
Money use | Just enough vs Enough | 0.76 | 0.45 | 1.27 | 0.85 | 0.50 | 1.45 | 0.90 | 0.51 | 1.60 | 1.04 | 0.56 | 1.93 |
 | Not enough vs Enough | 0.35 | 0.12 | 0.97 | 0.40 | 0.14 | 1.14 | 0.39 | 0.13 | 1.16 | 0.54 | 0.17 | 1.75 |
You see relatives/friends when you want | Yes vs No | 3.08 | 0.93 | 10.22 | 2.77 | 0.82 | 9.36 | 3.45 | 1.00 | 11.89 | 3.86 | 1.09 | 13.61 |
Visual capacity | General vs Bad/Blind | Â | Â | Â | 2.32 | 1.04 | 5.18 | 2.07 | 0.90 | 4.73 | 1.36 | 0.57 | 3.27 |
 | Good vs Bad/Blind |  |  |  | 2.15 | 1.01 | 4.60 | 2.06 | 0.94 | 4.54 | 1.67 | 0.74 | 3.79 |
Hearing capacity | General vs Bad/Deaf | Â | Â | Â | 2.00 | 0.84 | 4.73 | 1.57 | 0.64 | 3.81 | 1.78 | 0.70 | 4.54 |
 | Good vs Bad/Deaf |  |  |  | 0.66 | 0.25 | 1.77 | 0.53 | 0.19 | 1.46 | 0.48 | 0.17 | 1.36 |
Regular exercise | Yes vs No | Â | Â | Â | 2.71 | 1.25 | 5.87 | 2.73 | 1.24 | 6.02 | 1.53 | 0.61 | 3.79 |
Hypertension | No vs Yes | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 1.42 | 0.84 | 2.42 | 1.38 | 0.78 | 2.42 |
Heart disease | No vs Yes | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 2.07 | 1.01 | 4.26 | 2.06 | 0.96 | 4.42 |
Hyperuricemia | No vs Yes | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 3.16 | 0.92 | 10.87 | 3.19 | 0.89 | 11.49 |
Arthritis | No vs Yes | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 2.47 | 1.06 | 5.80 | 1.82 | 0.74 | 4.45 |
Cataract | No vs Yes | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 1.05 | 0.59 | 1.86 | 1.07 | 0.59 | 1.97 |
Fall history | No vs Yes | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 4.08 | 1.55 | 10.72 | 4.95 | 1.79 | 13.74 |
Pain problem | No vs Yes | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 4.04 | 2.18 | 7.50 |
Sleep disorder | No vs Yes | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 2.36 | 1.30 | 4.27 |
Frailty | Pre-fail vs Non-frail | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.45 | 0.24 | 0.84 |
 | Frail vs Non-frail |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.14 | 0.02 | 1.13 |
Adjusted McFadden’s R2 |  | 9.1% |  |  | 16.0% |  |  | 23.4% |  |  | 32.3% |  |  |
Likelihood ratio test†|  | - |  |  | p < 0.001 |  |  | p < 0.001 |  |  | p < 0.001 |  |  |