Variable | Logistic model A1 | Logistic model A2 | Logistic model A3 | Logistic model A4 | Logistic model A5 | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
OR | p | 95% CI | OR | p | 95% CI | OR | p | 95% CI | OR | p | 95% CI | OR | p | 95% CI | |
Number of chronic diseases | 1.44 | <0.01 | 1.33-1.57 | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Specific chronic conditions | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Cancer | Â | Â | Â | 1.60 | <0.01 | 1.23-2.08 | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Heart | Â | Â | Â | 1.54 | <0.01 | 1.12-2.12 | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
HBP | Â | Â | Â | 1.56 | <0.01 | 1.29-1.89 | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Stroke | Â | Â | Â | 1.33 | 0.39 | 0.69-2.56 | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Diabetes | Â | Â | Â | 1.43 | 0.04 | 1.02-2.00 | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Asthma | Â | Â | Â | 1.26 | 0.09 | 0.96-1.65 | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Bronchitis | Â | Â | Â | 0.89 | 0.68 | 0.52-1.54 | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Arthritis | Â | Â | Â | 1.22 | 0.08 | 0.98-1.52 | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Osteoporosis | Â | Â | Â | 1.32 | 0.11 | 0.94-1.86 | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Depression | Â | Â | Â | 1.38 | 0.06 | 0.99-1.93 | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Multiple morbidity a | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
No disease | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.50 | <0.01 | 0.36-0.69 | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Arthritis only | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.81 | 0.38 | 0.51-1.29 | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
All others with one disease | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 1.01 | 0.97 | 0.71-1.44 | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
HBP and arthritis | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 1.70 | 0.08 | 0.94-3.07 | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
HBP and diabetes | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 1.07 | 0.85 | 0.53-2.16 | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
HBP and heart disease | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 1.64 | 0.32 | 0.61-4.40 | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Arthritis and asthma | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 1.00 | 0.99 | 0.45-2.26 | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
All others with two diseases | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 1.71 | <0.01 | 1.19-2.47 | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
HBP, arthritis and cancer | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 1.67 | 0.36 | 0.55-5.01 | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
HBP, arthritis and diabetes | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 3.50 | 0.09 | 0.8-15.22 | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
All others with three diseases | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 1.82 | <0.01 | 1.22-2.71 | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
All with four diseases | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 2.10 | <0.01 | 1.29-3.41 | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
All with more than four diseases | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 2.32 | <0.01 | 1.29-4.15 | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Natural clusters | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
People with none of these conditions | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 1.00 | - | - | Â | Â | Â |
Group 1 (asthma-bronchitis-arthritis-osteoporosis-depression) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 2.03 | <0.01 | 1.56-2.65 | Â | Â | Â |
Group 2 (HBP-Diabetes) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 2.23 | <0.01 | 1.74-2.86 | Â | Â | Â |
Group 3 (heart-stroke) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 2.93 | <0.01 | 2.04-4.20 | Â | Â | Â |
Group 4 (cancer) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 2.40 | <0.01 | 1.76-3.27 | Â | Â | Â |
Clinically suggested clusters | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Asthma and bronchitis | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 1.19 | 0.18 | 0.92-1.54 |
Arthritis and osteoporosis | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 1.33 | <0.01 | 1.07-1.64 |
Depression | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 1.39 | 0.05 | 0.99-1.93 |
Heart, HBP, stroke and diabetes | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 1.87 | <0.01 | 1.54-2.26 |
Cancer | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 1.61 | <0.01 | 1.24-2.10 |
Number of other chronic diseases | Â | Â | Â | 1.74 | <0.01 | 1.42-2.14 | Â | Â | Â | 1.71 | <0.01 | 1.40-2.10 | 1.74 | <0.01 | 1.42-2.13 |
Age groups | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
75+ | 1.00 | - | - | 1.00 | - | - | 1.00 | - | - | 1.00 | - | - | 1.00 | - | - |
50-64 years | 1.03 | 0.82 | 0.79-1.36 | 1.04 | 0.76 | 0.79-1.38 | 1.09 | 0.56 | 0.82-1.43 | 1.05 | 0.74 | 0.80-1.38 | 1.05 | 0.74 | 0.79-1.38 |
65-74 years | 1.00 | 0.97 | 0.80-1.27 | 1.00 | 0.97 | 0.79-1.27 | 1.03 | 0.82 | 0.81-1.30 | 1.02 | 0.84 | 0.81-1.30 | 1.00 | 0.99 | 0.79-1.26 |
Male | 1.46 | <0.01 | 1.21-1.76 | 1.40 | <0.01 | 1.15-1.70 | 1.43 | <0.01 | 1.18-1.73 | 1.37 | <0.01 | 1.13-1.66 | 1.40 | <0.01 | 1.15-1.69 |
SF-12 physical health score | 0.95 | <0.01 | 0.93-0.96 | 0.95 | <0.01 | 0.93-0.96 | 0.95 | <0.01 | 0.93-0.96 | 0.94 | <0.01 | 0.92-0.95 | 0.95 | <0.01 | 0.93-0.96 |
SF-12 mental health score | 0.97 | <0.01 | 0.95-0.99 | 0.97 | <0.01 | 0.95-0.98 | 0.97 | <0.01 | 0.95-0.98 | 0.96 | <0.01 | 0.94-0.98 | 0.96 | <0.01 | 0.95-0.98 |
Income | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
<20 000 (ref) | 1.33 | 0.03 | 1.03-1.72 | 1.33 | 0.03 | 1.03-1.72 | 1.32 | 0.03 | 1.02-1.71 | 1.33 | 0.03 | 1.03-1.72 | 1.32 | 0.03 | 1.03-1.70 |
20000-40000 | 1.64 | <0.01 | 1.23-2.18 | 1.63 | <0.01 | 1.22-2.17 | 1.63 | <0.01 | 1.22-2.18 | 1.64 | <0.01 | 1.23-2.19 | 1.63 | <0.01 | 1.22-2.18 |
40000-60000 | 2.00 | <0.01 | 1.39-2.86 | 1.97 | <0.01 | 1.37-2.83 | 1.97 | <0.01 | 1.37-2.83 | 1.93 | <0.01 | 1.35-2.77 | 1.95 | <0.01 | 1.36-2.80 |
60000-80000 | 2.72 | <0.01 | 1.74-4.26 | 2.70 | <0.01 | 1.72-4.24 | 2.79 | <0.01 | 1.77-4.40 | 2.79 | <0.01 | 1.77-4.39 | 2.77 | <0.01 | 1.76-4.34 |
80000-100000 | 2.27 | <0.01 | 1.54-3.36 | 2.23 | <0.01 | 1.51-3.30 | 2.22 | <0.01 | 1.50-3.29 | 2.23 | <0.01 | 1.50-3.30 | 2.24 | <0.01 | 1.51-3.32 |
Region | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Remote | 1.00 | - | - | 1.00 | - | - | 1.00 | - | - | 1.00 | - | - | 1.00 | - | - |
Cities | 2.06 | 0.02 | 1.13-3.74 | 2.07 | 0.02 | 1.14-3.77 | 2.23 | <0.01 | 1.22-4.08 | 2.16 | 0.01 | 1.19-3.93 | 2.14 | 0.01 | 1.18-3.90 |
Regional | 2.09 | 0.02 | 1.14-3.81 | 2.10 | 0.02 | 1.15-3.83 | 2.24 | <0.01 | 1.22-4.10 | 2.16 | 0.01 | 1.18-3.95 | 2.15 | 0.01 | 1.18-3.93 |
 | n = 3635; Pseudo R2 = 0.09 | n = 3635; Pseudo R2 = 0.10 | n = 3635; Pseudo R2 = 0.10 | n = 3635; Pseudo R2 = 0.10 | n = 3635; Pseudo R2 = 0.10 | ||||||||||
AIC = 3072; BIC = 3159 | AIC = 3080; BIC = 3229 | AIC = 3073; BIC = 3234 | AIC = 3072; BIC = 3184 | AIC = 3065; BIC = 3183 |