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Table 1 Characteristics of included studies

From: The effect of antiemetics in childhood gastroenteritis

Author

Year of publication

Country

Period of Intervention

Target population

Antiemetic

Route of administration

Dose and Frequency

Duration of Follow up

Study design

Uhlig [19]

2009

Germany

December 2005 to May 2007

Children 6 months to 6 years with suspected infectious gastroenteritis (<24 hours) with mild or no dehydration, 2 vomiting in 12 hours, > 7kg

Dimenhydrinate

Rectal Suppositories

<15kg 40mg, 15 to 25 kg 80mg, >25kg 120 mg

18-24 hours after randomization, and 7-14 days after randomization

Double Blind, Prospective, Randomized, Placebo control, Multicenter

Freedman [13]

2006

USA

January 2004 to April 2005

Children 6 months to 10 years with vomiting or dehydration as a result of AGE and at least one episode of nonbilious vomiting, and no severe dehydration

Ondansetron

Oral

8-15kg 2mg, 15-30kg 4mg, >30kg 8mg

day 3 and day 7 via telephone, last follow-up till max of 2 weeks

Double Blind, Prospective Placebo

Ramsook [15]

2002

USA

 

Children 6 months to 12 years with clinically diagnosed AGE with 5 episodes of vomits in 24 hours

Ondansetron

Oral

6 months to 1 year 1.6mg, 1 year to 3 years 3.2mg, 4 to 12 years 4mg

24 and 48 hours

Double Blind, Prospective

Roslund [17]

2008

USA

July 1, 2004, to August 1, 2005

Children 1 to 10 years with AGE and mild to moderate dehydration who failed controlled oral challenge in ED

Ondansetron

Oral

<15kg 2mg, 15 to 23 kg 4mg, >30kg 6 mg

1 week

Double Blind, Prospective

Stork [20]

2006

USA

November 1999 and February 2005

Children aged 6 months to 12 years, with more than three episodes of vomiting in the past 24 hours, mild/moderate dehydration, and failed oral hydration. Children with a history or physical examination findings inconsistent with the diagnosis of isolated acute viral gastritis were excluded

Ondansetron or dexamethasone with IVF

IV

dexamethasone 1 mg/kg (15 mg maximum), ondansetron 0.15 mg/kg

2 hour follow-ups up to 48 hours

Double Blind, Prospective

Yilmaz [18]

2010

Turkey

August 2003 and September 2004

Children aged 5 months to 8 years who had nonbillious, nonbloody vomit at least 4 times in the last 6 hours, who could not tolerate ORT, at least four episodes of diarrhea in the previous 24 hours, and who had mild-to-moderate dehydration. Aetiology of acute gastroenteritis (viral, bacterial or amebic) was not taken into account in the patients included in the study.

Ondansetron

Oral

ondansetron 0.2 mg/ kg 8 hourly

24 hours

Double blind, Prospective

Cubeddu [12]

1997

Venezuela

 

6 months to 8 years with spontaneous vomiting with in 1 hour and no severe dehydration

Ondansetron, metoclopramide

IV

ondansetron 0.3 mg/kg single dose, metoclopramide 0.3 mg/kg single dose

24 hours

Double Blind, Prospective, parallel group, placebo