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Table 1 Bias in LiST estimates resulting from ignoring within country inequalities, in 20 countries with increases over time in care-seeking for pneumonia.

From: How within-country inequalities and co-coverage may affect LiST estimates of lives saved by scaling up interventions

Country

First survey

Second survey

Baseline coverage

Endline coverage

Coverage change

Slope index*

Bias

Madagascar

1997

2008

37%

42%

5

21

63%

Ethiopia

2000

2005

16%

19%

3

-8

14%

Ghana

1998

2008

26%

51%

25

10

5%

Burkina Faso

1998

2003

22%

36%

14

12

4%

Nepal

1996

2006

18%

43%

25

7

3%

Mozambique

1997

2003

39%

55%

17

-15

0%

Rwanda

2000

2005

16%

28%

12

-5

0%

Bangladesh

1996

2007

33%

57%

24

-5

-1%

Cambodia

2000

2010

37%

77%

40

-14

-1%

Malawi

2000

2010

27%

70%

44

-5

-1%

Niger

1998

2006

26%

47%

22

-16

-2%

Uganda

1995

2006

61%

73%

12

-31

-3%

Lesotho

2004

2009

59%

66%

7

-44

-6%

Mali

1995

2006

32%

38%

6

-20

-6%

Kyrgyzstan

1997

2005

48%

63%

15

-70

-7%

Peru

1996

2004

46%

71%

25

-18

-9%

Egypt

1995

2008

62%

73%

12

-21

-12%

Benin

1996

2006

32%

36%

4

-17

-15%

India

1998

2005

64%

70%

6

-18

-16%

Bolivia

1998

2008

43%

51%

8

-20

-22%

  1. (*) Slope index of inequality for change in coverage by wealth quintile, expressing the difference in percentage points between the increase in coverage for those at the top of the wealth distribution compared to those at its bottom.