Table 1 Determinants for Chlamydia (Ct) testing and motivating peers for Ct testing among young people by systematic literature search (March 2012) and semi-structured interviews (n = 21)

Personal determinants

Personal determinants

Knowledge about:

Knowledge about the transmission of Ct among sexual and social network members [interviews]

- STI and in particular asymptomatic disease [35–37]

- Ct effects [36, 37, 39]

- Ct testing methods [36, 37]

Fear of parental notification [36]

Attitudes towards testing:

Attitudes towards motivating:

- Shame about Ct testing [37–39]

- Perceived stigmatization/embarrassment [42–44], interviews

- Embarrassment about Ct testing [36–39]

- Fear of test results [36, 38, 39]

- Emotional commitment with peers [42, 44], interviews

- Fear of testing procedure [37, 39]

- Personal health benefit (re-infection) [42], interviews

- Blaming towards sexual partners [42]

- Fear of reaction (e.g. aggression) [42–44], interviews

Perceived social norms of Ct testing among peers [38, 39], interviews

Perceived social norm of motivation among peers [interviews]

Risk perception towards testing:

Availability and accessibility of contact details*

- Awareness of vulnerability/risk for Ct

[35, 36, 38]

[42–44], Interviews

- Awareness of severity of Ct [36, 38]

Self-efficacy:

- Afraid to visit public health services [37], interviews