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Table 4 Sex-specific hazard ratios of depression in COPD patients relative to non-COPD controls by follow-up duration

From: Increased risk and related factors of depression among patients with COPD: a population-based cohort study

Follow-up duration

Comparison

COPD

aHR*

 

Event

Rate

Event

Rate

(95% CI)

Total

     

Year <1

262

7.02

607

16.68

2.01 (1.72-2.32)

Year 1–3

484

6.83

842

12.55

1.66 (1.48-1.87)

Year 3–5

373

5.26

662

9.97

1.65 (1.45-1.89)

After year 5

358

6.37

521

9.81

1.40 (1.22-1.60)

Female

     

Year <1

112

5.27

318

15.44

2.44 (1.96-3.04)

Year 1–3

220

5.48

433

11.53

1.92 (1.62-2.26)

Year 3–5

193

6.26

316

8.55

1.63 (1.35-1.97)

After year 5

149

4.73

260

8.91

1.70 (1.38-2.09)

Male

     

Year <1

150

9.32

289

18.30

1.86 (1.40-2.19)

Year 1–3

264

8.61

409

13.86

1.67 (1.36-2.04)

Year 3–5

180

4.49

346

11.76

1.45 (1.24-1.71)

After year 5

209

8.46

261

10.90

1.17 (0.97-1.42)

  1. *Adjusted for age, sex, urbanization level, income, and comorbidity.