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Table 6 Socio-demographic factors and the odds of overweight or obesity in pregnant women 1 and expectant fathers

From: A population-based study of overweight and obesity in expectant parents: socio-demographic patterns and within-couple associations

 

Pregnant women1

 

Odds ratio for overweight2

Odds ratio for obesity3

 

(n)

Crude OR

(n)

Adjusted4OR

(n)

Crude OR

(n)

Adjusted4OR

 

%

(95% CI) 5

 

(95% CI)

%

(95% CI)

 

(95% CI)

 

Overweight

   

Obesity

   

Education

(3329)

 

(2479)

 

(2931)

 

(2175)

 

University degree

19.3

1.0

 

1.0

6.1

1.0

 

1.0

> 12 years

18.9

1.03 (0.8-1.3)

 

1.1 (0.8-1.4)

9.8

1.7 (1.2-2.4)

 

1.6 (1.1-2.5)

11-12 years (senior high school)

20.9

1.2 (1.01-1.5)

 

1.4 (1.1-1.7)

12.2

2.2 (1.7-2.9)

 

2.2 (1.6-3.1)

≤ 9 years

21.4

1.3 (0.9-1.8)

 

1.5 (0.93-2.4)

12.1

2.2 (1.4-3.5)

 

2.7 (1.5-4.9)

Occupation

(3178)

 

(2479)

 

(2790)

 

(2175)

 

Employed

19.8

1.00

 

1.0

8.3

1.0

 

1.0

Studying

19.7

0.98 (0.7-1.3)

 

0.95 (0.7-1.3)

7.4

0.9 (0.6-1.3)

 

0.8 (0.5-1.4)

Parental leave/unpaid domestic work

21.0

1.1 (0.8-1.6)

 

0.9 (0.60-1.4)

9.3

1.2 (0.7-1.9)

 

0.9 (0.5-1.7)

Unemployed

20.3

1.1 (0.8-1.6)

 

1.2 (0.8-1.8)

14.5

1.9 (1.3-2.9)

 

1.7 (1.1-2.8)

Sick leave/retirement

11.6

0.7 (0.3-1.8)

 

0.5 (0.1-1.7)

25.6

3.6 (1.7-7.3)

 

3.5 (1.6-8.0)

Area of residence

(2876)

 

(2479)

 

(2516)

 

(2175)

 

Urban

18.8

1.0

 

1.0

7.5

1.0

 

1.0

Rural

24.6

1.6 (1.3-1.9)

 

1.7 (1.4-2.1)

12.9

2.0 (1.6-2.6)

 

1.8 (1.3-2.4)

 

Expectant fathers

 

Odds ratio for overweight

Odds ratio for obesity

 

(n)

Crude OR

(n)

Adjusted 4 OR

(n)

Crude OR

(n)

Adjusted 4 OR

 

%

(95% CI)

 

(95% CI)

%

(95% CI)

 

(95% CI)

 

Overweight

   

Obesity

   

Education

(3331)

 

(2453)

 

(2108)

 

(1549)

 

University degree

40.0

1.0

 

1.0

5.9

1.0

 

1.0

> 12 years

44.6

1.6 (1.1-1.7)

 

1.5 (1.1-1.9)

10.6

2.1 (1.5-3.2)

 

1.6 (0.97-2.5)

11-12 years (senior high school)

44.4

1.4 (1.2-1.6)

 

1.6 (1.3-1.9)

11.5

2.4 (1.8-3.2)

 

1.8 (1.3-2.6)

≤ 9 years

41.4

1.3 (0.9-1.7)

 

1.4 (0.98-2.1)

13.8

2.8 (1.7-4.6)

 

2.2 (1.2-4.0)

Occupation

(3268)

 

(2453)

 

(2073)

 

(1549)

 

Employed

43.0

1.0

 

1.0

9.5

1.0

 

1.0

Studying

42.8

0.9 (0.7-1.3)

 

0.98 (0.7-1.4)

6.7

0.7 (0.4-1.2)

 

0.6 (0.3-1.3)

Parental leave/unpaid domestic work

38.2

0.8 (0.4-1.3)

 

1.03 (0.6-1.9)

5.5

0.5 (0.2-1.6)

 

0.8 (0.2-2.7)

Unemployed

37.7

0.9 (0.7-1.2)

 

0.95 (0.7-1.4)

15.6

1.7 (1.1-2.6)

 

1.9 (1.1-3.1)

Sick leave/retirement

61.1

4.9 (1.8-12.9)

 

3.0 (1.1-8.3)

25.0

9.0 (3.0-27.1)

 

4.0 (1.2-14.0)

Area of residence

(2705)

 

(2453)

 

(1703)

 

(1549)

 

Urban

43.1

1.0

 

1.00

7.9

1.0

 

1.0

Rural

42.8

1.1 (0.95-1.3)

 

1.04 (0.9-1.3)

14.2

2.0 (1.6-2.7)

 

1.9 (1.4-2.5)

  1. 1Pre-pregnancy BMI.
  2. 2BMI 25.0-29.99.
  3. 3BMI ≥30.0.
  4. 4Adjusted OR includes age, education, occupation and area of residence.
  5. 5Statistical significance was defined as a 95% CI excluding 1.0.