1 | Key elements of successful RBF programs | Political commitment, government ownership, buy-in of stakeholders |
 |  | Clearly defined rules, understanding of indicators; accountability, verification of indicators |
 |  | Measuring and evaluation |
 |  | Design of program, piloting and testing; participatory approach |
 |  | Flexibility in implementation; communication, transparency, sustainability |
2 | Areas of health for which RBF traditionally used | Maternal and child health; MDGs 4 and 5 |
 |  | Health service delivery, primary care, quantity and quality of services |
3 | Potential use of RBF for NCDs | Application of RBF to any service delivery |
 |  | Incentivizing preventive and health promotion activities; national, institutional, and individual levels |
 |  | Part of package of essential health services; combining efforts for communicable and non-communicable diseases |
4 | Challenges in taking a RBF approach | Variation in capacity of donor agency representatives |
 |  | Use of RBF as panacea, depletion of resources; unintended consequences |
 |  | Insufficient ownership and accountability; corruption |
 |  | Technical assistance-intensive to establish new/sustainable systems |
 |  | Complexity of RBF; significant time for design and implementation |
 |  | Skepticism about RBF mechanisms |
5 | Potential for US involvement with RBF for NCDs | Collect best practices from RBF; assess epidemiological situation |
 |  | Engage stakeholders; take participatory approach |
 |  | Pilot programs to test applicability of RBF for NCDs; increase funding for NCDs |
 |  | Include NCDs as part of package of essential health services; avoid dichotomy between communicable and non-communicable diseases |