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Table 4 Communication channel preferences by demographic profile ( N = 2,373)

From: Evaluating the efficacy of tuberculosis Advocacy, Communication and Social Mobilization (ACSM) activities in Pakistan: a cross-sectional study

Profile

Communication channel

Print media

Broadcast media

Social referents

Community referents

Health workers

χ 2

n

%

n

%

n

%

n

%

n

%

Location

          

16.00**

Urban

210

55.1

675

51.4

165

51.4

54

37.5

96

45.1

 

Rural

171

44.9

639

48.6

156

48.6

90

62.5

117

54.9

 

Gender

          

61.34***

  Male

221

58.0

671

51.1

110

34.3

95

66.0

91

42.7

 

  Female

160

42.0

643

48.9

211

65.7

49

34.0

122

57.3

 

Literacy

          

24.36***

  Literate

260

68.2

881

67.0

171

53.3

94

65.3

132

62.0

 

  Illiterate

121

31.8

433

33.0

150

46.7

50

34.7

81

38.0

 
  1. ** p < .01; *** p < .001.
  2. Note: Billboards/banners were excluded as only 14 respondents (0.6% of the sample) reported preferring this communication channel.
  3. Underlined percentages indicate adjusted standardized residual ≤ −1.96; Bolded percentages indicate adjusted standardized residual ≥ 1.96.
  4. Print media = newspapers, magazines, brochures.
  5. Broadcast media = TV, radio.
  6. Social referents = family, relatives, neighbors, peers.
  7. Community referents = religious leaders, teachers, local leaders.