Table 1 Anthropometric, clinical and metabolic characteristics in eutrophic and obese children with and without MetS

Age (years)

9.4 ± 1.8

9.6 ± 1.8

0.368

9.6 ± 1.9

9.4 ± 1.4

0.623

Anthropometric measurements

WC (cm)

57.8 ± 4.9

79.0 ± 9.1

<0.001

78.3 ± 9.2

83.5 ± 6.5

0.004

BMI (kg/m²)

16.4 ± 1.3

24.5 ± 2.7

<0.001

24.3 ± 2.8

25.8 ± 2.5

0.009

BMI percentile^a

46.1 ± 18.2

97.4 ± 1.3

<0.001

97.2 ± 1.3

98.3 ± 0.9

<0.001

Blood pressure (mm/Hg)

SBP

88.6 ± 7.8

97.8 ± 8.8

<0.001

97.1 ± 8.2

101.3 ± 10.8

0.028

SBP percentile^b

17.3 ± 18.2

33.8 ± 22.9

<0.001

32.0 ± 21.1

43.2 ± 30.6

0.037

Diastolic

55.8 ± 7.1

62.2 ± 7.6

<0.001

61.4 ± 7.2

65.9 ± 7.9

0.009

DBP percentile^b

37.7 ± 20.9

53.6 ± 21.5

<0.001

51.7 ± 20.5

63.5 ± 22.3

0.021

Metabolic parameters*

Glucose (mg/dL)

90.0 (57.0-14.0)

90.0 (58.0-108.0)

0.794

90.0 (58.0-108.0)

94.0 (54.0-107.0)

0.090

Insulin (mU/mL)

4.3 (1.9-19.5)

9.3 (2.0-68.0)

<0.001

9.1 (2.0-55.2)

14.1 (3.8-68.0)

<0.001

HOMA-IR^c

1.0 (0.3-5.0)

2.0 (0.4-13.9)

<0.001

2.0 (0.4-13.9)

3.5 (0.7-11.2)

<0.001

TGs (mg/dL)

72.0 (22.5-193.5)

106.5 (30.0-366.0)

<0.001

104.0 (30.0-366.0)

166.0 (72.9-255.0)

<0.001

HDL-C (mg/dL)

53.0 (21.0-110.0)

44.0 (9.0-82.0)

<0.001

45.0 (20.0-82.0)

36.0 (9.0-51.0)

<0.001

Inflammatory*

Adiponectin (μg/mL)

14.5 (3.9-38.8)

11.5 (1.4-27.5)

<0.001

12.2 (1.4-27.5)

8.4 (4.2-15.3)

0.003