Table 2 Key determinants of adult tobacco use in Madagascar, Demographic Health Survey, 2008–09 (Base outcome category: No tobacco use)

Age

 Age 15-49

1.02***

[1.01,1.03]

1.06***

[1.03,1.08]

1.06***

[1.05,1.07]

1.05***

[1.04,1.05]

1.04***

[1.02,1.06]

Education (Base: University education)

No education

1.39

[0.86,2.25]

7.68*

[1.41,42.00]

3.16

[0.67,14.93]

Primary

1.16

[0.75,1.82]

6.52*

[1.21,35.20]

2.26

[0.50,10.28]

High-School

1.04

[0.69,1.57]

2.49

[0.46,13.50]

1.54

[0.38,6.21]

Wealth

Wealth Index

1.02

[0.89,1.16]

1.58*

[1.11,2.24]

0.45***

[0.38,0.54]

0.59***

[0.52,0.66]

0.70*

[0.51,0.98]

Occupation (Base: Unemployed)

Agriculture

3.41***

[2.46,4.72]

0.32**

[0.14,0.73]

5.26***

[2.74,10.09]

2.36***

[1.76,3.16]

6.58***

[2.32,18.67]

Service-manual

3.63***

[2.62,5.04]

1.03

[0.55,1.92]

5.55***

[2.79,11.03]

2.44***

[1.77,3.37]

4.94**

[1.66,14.69]

Service-non-Manual

2.75***

[1.76,4.30]

0.62

[0.24,1.59]

3.77**

[1.54,9.26]

0.42*

[0.18,1.00]

5.99**

[1.55,23.20]

Married (Base: Unmarried)

1.02

[0.86,1.21]

0.86

[0.54,1.38]

1.22*

[1.01,1.48]

0.96

[0.83,1.11]

1.46*

[1.04,2.06]

Religion (Base: Christian)

Other Religion

1.28**

[1.09,1.51]

0.51***

[0.42,0.62]

0.63**

[0.46,0.86]

Muslim

1.36

[0.77,2.42]

0.11***

[0.03,0.41]

2.14

[0.74,6.21]

Traditional

1.57

[0.96,2.58]

0.52*

[0.29,0.92]

0.29*

[0.09,0.86]

Residence (Base: Rural)

Urban

1.37*

[1.07,1.75]

0.86

[0.45,1.64]

0.81

[0.56,1.16]

1

[0.76,1.31]

1.25

[0.74,2.11]