Variable | Lead | Mercury | Cadmium | |||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Descriptive analysis by paternal characteristics | Regression adjustment for paternal factors | Descriptive analysis by paternal characteristics | Regression adjustment for paternal factors | |||||||||||||||
N | GM | CI95% | eβ | CI95% | p | N | GM | CI95% | eβ | CI95% | p | N | GM | CI95% | eβ | CI95% | p | |
Overall | 112 | 14.1 | 28.5-34.1 | 106 | 6.76 | 5.74-7.90 | 112 | 0.27 | 0.23-0.31 | |||||||||
Socio-demographic factors | ||||||||||||||||||
Age | ||||||||||||||||||
<=30 | 34 | 13.5 | 11.1-16.4 | 1.00 | 32 | 6.14 | 4.57-8.25 | 1.00 | 34 | 0.28 | 0.21-0.39 | 1.00 | ||||||
>30 | 78 | 14.4 | 12.8-16.2 | 1.03 | 0.93-1.14 | 0.53 | 74 | 7.01 | 5.77-8.51 | 1.02 | 0.87-1.20 | 0.80 | 78 | 0.26 | 0.22-0.31 | 0.91 | 0.79-1.04 | 0.17 |
Area (district) | ||||||||||||||||||
Metropolitan | 61 | 13.6 | 11.8-15.6 | 1.00 | 56 | 6.59 | 5.28-8.21 | 1.00 | 61 | 0.26 | 0.21-0.32 | 1.00 | ||||||
Urban | 51 | 14.8 | 12.7-17.1 | 1.03 | 0.95-1.13 | 0.47 | 50 | 6.90 | 4.42-8.78 | 1.02 | 0.88-1.17 | 0.81 | 51 | 0.28 | 0.23-0.35 | 1.08 | 0.95-1.23 | 0.24 |
Ethnicity | ||||||||||||||||||
Caucasian | 94 | 14.1 | 12.6-15.8 | 1.00 | 88 | 6.43 | 5.32-7.77 | 1.00 | 94 | 0.26 | 0.22-0.31 | 1.00 | ||||||
Other | 15 | 13.4 | 10.8-16.5 | 0.98 | 0.86-1.12 | 0.78 | 15 | 8.47 | 7.04-10.2 | 1.11 | 0.91-1.37 | 0.30 | 15 | 0.30 | 0.18-0.51 | 0.99 | 0.81-1.20 | 0.90 |
Educational level | ||||||||||||||||||
< High school | 40 | 14.7 | 12.3-17.6 | 1.00 | 37 | 5.62 | 4.14-7.63 | 1.00 | 40 | 0.22 | 0.18-0.29 | 1.00 | ||||||
High School | 46 | 13.5 | 11.5-15.6 | 0.96 | 0.86-1.06 | 44 | 8.61 | 7.00-10.6 | 1.21 | 0.98-1.46 | 46 | 0.31 | 0.25-0.39 | 1.16 | 0.99-1.33 | |||
>High school | 26 | 14.2 | 11.6-17.3 | 0.98 | 0.87-1.10 | 0.65 | 25 | 6.82 | 5.21-8.91 | 1.01 | 0.96-1.13 | 0.42 | 26 | 0.26 | 0.19-0.36 | 1.12 | 0.95-1.34 | 0.14 |
Tobacco exposure | ||||||||||||||||||
Active smoking | ||||||||||||||||||
Never | 55 | 13.4 | 11.7-15.3 | 1.00 | 54 | 6.64 | 5.37-8.20 | 1.00 | 55 | 0.25 | 0.20-0.30 | 1.00 | ||||||
Former | 18 | 14.8 | 10.9-19.9 | 1.05 | 0.92-1.20 | 16 | 9.12 | 6.44-12.9 | 1.15 | 0.93-1.41 | 18 | 0.28 | 0.18-0.45 | 1.09 | 0.91-1.30 | |||
Current | 36 | 14.8 | 12.2-18.0 | 1.05 | 0.94-1.17 | 0.35 | 33 | 5.70 | 4.02-8.08 | 0.97 | 0.82-1.15 | 0.83 | 36 | 0.28 | 0.21-0.36 | 1.11 | 0.96-1.29 | 0.15 |
Passive smoking | ||||||||||||||||||
No | 35 | 12.6 | 10.6-14.9 | 1.00 | 35 | 6.97 | 5.38-9.03 | 1.00 | 35 | 0.28 | 0.21-0.37 | 1.00 | ||||||
Yes | 77 | 14.8 | 13.1-16.8 | 1.07 | 0.97-1.15 | 0.27 | 71 | 6.62 | 5.39-8.13 | 0.99 | 0.86-1.16 | 0.96 | 77 | 0.26 | 0.22-0.31 | 1.01 | 0.88-1.17 | 0.81 |
Fish intake (tertiles) | ||||||||||||||||||
1st: <=60 g/day | 38 | 5.24 | 3.77-7.29 | 1.00 | 40 | 0.25 | 0.20-0.33 | 1.00 | ||||||||||
2nd: 60-100 g/day | 33 | 7.58 | 5.77-9.98 | 1.18 | 1.00-1.40 | 35 | 0.26 | 0.20-0.33 | 1.04 | 0.89-1.21 | 0.63 | |||||||
3rd: >100 g/day | 34 | 8.00 | 6.47-9.91 | 1.21 | 1.03-1.43 | 0.02** | 36 | 0.30 | 0.23-0.40 | 1.10 | 0.95-1.29 | 0.20 | ||||||
Amalgams use | ||||||||||||||||||
Yes | 73 | 6.99 | 5.41-8.93 | 1.00 | ||||||||||||||
No | 8 | 6.53 | 5.43-9.03 | 0.99 | 0.87-1.15 | 0.93 |