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Table 1 Logistic regression analyses of factors associated with frequency of walking any dog, and frequency of walking without a dog, several times a week or more

From: A cross-sectional study of frequency and factors associated with dog walking in 9–10 year old children in Liverpool, UK

Outcome (predictor variable)

Category

Once a week or less (n (%) or median (IQR))

Several times a week or more (n (%) or median (IQR))

Crude OR (95% CI)

Adjusted OR (95% CI)

a) Walking with any dog

     

Gender

Male

341 (74.3)

118 (25.7)

  
 

Female

271 (65.5)

143 (34.5)

1.52

1.43

(1.14–2.04)

(0.97–2.12)

Ethnicity

White

420 (67.2)

205 (32.8)

  
 

Non-white

93 (81.6)

21 (18.4)

0.46

1.00

(0.28–0.76)

(0.53–1.87)

Sibling status

Neither

321 (71.0)

131 (29.0)

  
 

Single

71 (67.6)

34 (32.4)

1.17

1.28

(0.74–1.85)

(0.67–2.44)

 

Youngest

230 (69.3)

102 (30.7)

1.09

1.00

(0.80–1.48)

(0.65–1.52)

Deprivation score

Continuous

38.4 (39.3)

43.2 (41.2)

1.01

1.00

(1.00–1.02)

(0.99–1.01)

Sports/outdoor games during weekday

<1 hour

236 (74.9)

79 (25.1)

  
 

≥1 hour

385 (67.9)

182 (32.1)

1.41

1.48

(1.04–1.93)

(0.97–2.25)

Owns a dog

No

501 (89.3)

60 (10.7)

  
 

Yes

147 (41.0)

212 (59.9)

12.04

12.30

(8.57–16.93)

(8.10–18.69)

b) Walking without a dog

     

Gender

Male

219 (49.1)

227 (50.9)

  
 

Female

174 (42.4)

236 (57.6)

1.31

1.38

(1.00–1.71)

(1.00–1.90)

Ethnicity

White

283 (46.1)

331 (53.9)

  
 

Non-white

48 (42.1)

66 (57.9)

1.18

1.23

(0.78–1.76)

(0.77–1.97)

Sibling status

Neither

204 (45.6)

243 (54.4)

  
 

Single

41 (40.2)

61 (59.8)

1.25

1.10

(0.81–1.93)

(0.66–1.83)

 

Youngest

156 (48.0)

169 (52.0)

0.91

0.91

(0.68–1.21)

(0.65–1.29)

Deprivation score

Continuous

41.2 (40.3)

39.4 (41.3)

1.00

1.00

(0.99–1.01)

(1.00–1.01)

Sports/outdoor games during weekday

<1 hour

149 (47.9)

162 (52.1)

  
 

≥1 hour

245 (44.1)

311 (55.9)

1.17

1.15

(0.88–1.54)

(0.83–1.61)

Owns a dog

No

227 (40.7)

331 (59.3)

  
 

Yes

190 (55.1)

155 (44.9)

0.56

0.58

(0.43–0.73)

(0.42–0.81)

  1. Bold=OR P<0.05.
  2. a) n=655. Hosmer-Lemeshow=0.75. Adjusted model for gender, ethnicity, sibling status, deprivation score, sports/outdoor games during weekday, owns a dog.
  3. b) n=646. Hosmer-Lemeshow=0.68. Adjusted model for gender, ethnicity, sibling status, deprivation score, sports/outdoor games during weekday, owns a dog.