From: Female genital mutilation among Iraqi Kurdish women: a cross-sectional study from Erbil city
Characteristic | FGM status of women | Crude | Adjusted* | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mutilated | Non-mutilated | Odds ratio (95% CI) | P value | Odds ratio (95% CI) | P value | |||
No. | (%) | No. | (%) | |||||
Age group (years) | ||||||||
15–24 | 338 | (43.7) | 435 | (56.3) | 0.8 (0.6–1.0) | 0.510 | ||
25–34 | 339 | (41.0) | 488 | (59.0) | 0.9 (0.7–1.1) | 0.279 | ||
≥35 | 146 | (37.7) | 241 | (62.3) | ||||
Occupation | ||||||||
Housewife | 1024 | (63.8) | 582 | (36.2) | 4.7 (2.7–8.1) | < 0.001 | 3.3 (1.8–6.1) | < 0.001 |
Employed | 122 | (38.7) | 193 | (61.3) | 1.7 (0.9–3.0) | 0.081 | 1.8 (0.9–3.5) | 0.075 |
Student | 18 | (27.3) | 48 | (72.7) | ||||
Place of birth | ||||||||
Rural | 315 | (63.6) | 180 | (36.4) | 1.3 (1.1–1.6) | 0.009 | 1.0 (0.8–1.2) | 0.702 |
Urban | 849 | (56.9) | 643 | (43.1) | ||||
Mother FGM status | ||||||||
Mutilated | 1067 | (70.2) | 453 | (29.8) | 18.5 (13.1–26.2) | < 0.001 | 15.1 (10.6–21.6) | < 0.001 |
Don’t know | 57 | (50.9) | 55 | (49.1) | 8.2 (4.9–13.4) | < 0.001 | 7.3 (4.4–12.0) | < 0.001 |
Not mutilated | 40 | (11.3) | 315 | (88.7) | ||||
Mother education | ||||||||
Illiterate | 1015 | (62.8) | 602 | (37.2) | 5.1 (3.3–7.9) | < 0.001 | 1.5 (0.9–2.6) | 0.142 |
Read and write | 45 | (50.6) | 44 | (49.4) | 3.1 (1.7–5.6) | < 0.001 | 1.4 (0.7–2.8) | 0.344 |
Primary school | 75 | (45.7) | 89 | (54.3) | 2.6 (1.5–4.3) | < 0.001 | 1.3 (0.7–2.5) | 0.389 |
Intermediate school and higher education | 29 | (24.8) | 88 | (75.2) | ||||
Father education | ||||||||
Illiterate | 654 | (65.3) | 348 | (34.7) | 2.7 (2.1–3.4) | < 0.001 | 1.4 (1.1–1.9) | 0.022 |
Read and write | 96 | (65.8) | 50 | (34.2) | 2.7 (1.8–4.1) | < 0.001 | 1.6 (1.02–2.5) | 0.040 |
Primary school | 246 | (57.1) | 185 | (42.9) | 1.9 (1.4–2.5) | < 0.001 | 1.3 (0.9–1.8) | 0.110 |
Intermediate school and higher education | 168 | (41.2) | 240 | (58.8) |