Table 1 Health and life style characteristics of the study population

Age (years)

57.3 (14.6; 16–90)

(30 – 75)

47.7 (16.4; 16 – 82)^b

(30 – 60)

Weight (kg)

78.8 (10.7)

62.4 (9.3)^b

Height (cm)

176.4 (6.4)

165.6 (6.3)^b

Body mass index (> 25.0/< 25.1)

447/524 (46/54)

(56/44)^a

47/241 (16/84)^b

(45/55)^a

Health state (moderate to bad/very good, good)

190/781 (20/80)

(30/70)^a

34/254 (16/84)

(30/70)^a

Smoker (yes/no)

97/874 (10/90)

(28/72)^a

20/268 (7/93)

(19/81)^a

Alcohol consumption (regularly/occasionally/no)

39/484/448 (4/50/46)

(38/34/28)^a

6/84/198 (2/29/69)^b

(15/35/50)^a

Unhealthy nutrition (yes/no)

542/429 (56/44)

193/95 (67/33)^b

Hypercholesterolemia (yes/no)

347/624 (36/64)

(34/66)

76/212 (26/74)^b

(28/72)

Systemic hypertension (yes/no)

255/716 (26/74)

(30/70)

31/257 (11/89)^b

(14/86)

Diabetes (yes/no)

49/922 (5/95)

(6/94)

8/288 (3/97)

(4/96)

Pain frequency (regularly/occasionally/no)

47/835/89 (5/86/9)

14/248/26 (5/86/9)

Frequent mental stress (yes/no)

566/405 (58/42)

104/184 (36/64)^b

Memory deficits (yes/no)

66/905 (7/93)

17/271 (6/94)

Aerobic exercise (< 3/> 2 hours/week)

470/501 (48/52)

(72/28)^a

146/142 (51/49)

(72/28)^a

Skiing frequency (< 21/> 20 days/year)

341/630 (35/65)

126/162 (44/56)^b