Metabolic abnormalities in adult HIV infected population on antiretroviral medication in Malaysia: a cross-sectional survey

Table 6 Risk factors for increased fasting plasma glucose (FPG) level in 1540 HIV subjects (normal = 952, increased FPG = 588) on ARV medication

Characteristics	Normal	Hypertensive	aOR	95.0 C.I. for OR		p-value
	Mean ± S.D.	Mean ± S.D.		Lower	Upper
	N (%)	N (%)		Lower	Upper
Age (year)
Mean ± SD	42.79 ± 9.68	47.17 ± 9.56	1.048	1.036	1.059	0.001
Gender
Male	751 (78.9)	494 (84.0)	1.00
Female	201 (21.1)	94 (16.0)	0.711	0.543	0.931	0.013
Hypertension
No	754 (82.6)	398 (70.8)	1.00
Yes	159 (17.4)	164 (29.2)	1.954	1.522	2.508	0.001
b-Blocker
taking	43 (4.5)	44 (7.5)	1.00
Not Taking	909 (95.5)	544 (92.5)	0.585	0.379	0.902	0.014
Anti-hyperglycaemic
Taking	35 (3.7)	111 (18.9)	1.00
Not taking	917 (96.3)	477 (81.1)	0.164	0.110	0.244	0.001
Diabetes mellitus
Yes	96 (10.1)	149 (25.3)	1.00
No	856 (89.9)	439 (74.7)	0.330	0.249	0.438	0.001
TG (mmol/l)	2.25 ± 1.74	2.65 ± 1.82	1.130	1.066	1.199	0.001
<5.17	432 (45.4)	197 (33.6)	1.00
≥5.17	519 (54.6)	389 (66.4)	1.644	1.327	2.035	0.001
Hepatitis
No	857 (90.0)	498 (84.7)	1.00
Yes	95 (10.0)	90 (15.3)	1.630	1.197	2.220	0.002

Adjusted for age, gender, ethnicity, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, CD4, HIV RNA Load, TC, TG, LDL, HDL, alcohol consumption, smoking, liver disease, medication with agents including ARV (PI), b-blocker, anti-hyperglycemic. aOR Adjusted odds ratio.

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