From: High burden of hepatitis B infection in Northern Uganda: results of a population-based survey
Hepatitis B infection (HBsAg positive) | Lifetime exposure (Anti-HBcAb positive) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Variable | N positive | Percent | Crude odds ratio (95% CI) | p-value | N positive | Percent | Crude odds ratio (95% CI) | p-value |
Overall (717) | 123 | 17.2 | -- | -- | 537 | 74.9 | -- | -- |
Sex | ||||||||
Male (189) | 42 | 22.2 | Ref | 0.032 | 139 | 73.5 | Ref | |
Female (528) | 81 | 15.3 | 0.63 (0.42–0.98) | 398 | 75.4 | 1.10 (0.75–1.61) | 0.618 | |
Age | 0.76 (0.64–0.91)* | 0.003 | 1.18 (1.01–1.37)* | 0.034 | ||||
15 – 24 (184) | 44 | 23.9 | 129 | 70.1 | ||||
25 – 34 (203) | 36 | 17.7 | 149 | 73.4 | ||||
35 – 44 (141 | 19 | 13.5 | 110 | 78.0 | ||||
45+ (189) | 24 | 12.7 | 149 | 78.8 | ||||
Religion | ||||||||
Catholic (556) | 95 | 17.1 | 1 | 0.594 | 424 | 76.3 | 1 | 0.666 |
Protestant (93) | 18 | 19.4 | 1.16 (0.67–2.04) | 0.302 | 69 | 74.2 | 0.90 (0.54–1.48) | 0.074 |
Pentecostal/other (19) | 5 | 26.3 | 1.73 (0.61–4.93) | 0.220 | 11 | 57.9 | 0.43 (0.17–1.09) | 0.167 |
Muslim (49) | 5 | 10.2 | 0.55 (0.21–1.43) | 33 | 67.4 | 0.64 (0.34–1.20) | ||
Wealth index | 1.17 (0.98–1.39)* | 0.080 | 0.88 (0.76–1.03) | 0.108 | ||||
Lowest quartile (186) | 24 | 12.9 | 144 | 77.2 | ||||
Second quartile (180) | 27 | 15.0 | 138 | 76.7 | ||||
Third quartile (177) | 42 | 23.7 | 133 | 75.1 | ||||
Highest quartile (174) | 30 | 17.2 | 122 | 70.1 | ||||
Scarification (381) | 61 | 16.0 | 0.84 (0.57–1.24) | 0.387 | 288 | 74.9 | 1.08 (0.77–1.52) | 0.648 |
Vaccinated against HBV (12) | 1 | 8.3 | 2.30 (0.29–17.00) | 0.427 | 8 | 66.7 | 1.50 (0.45–5.05) | 0.51 |
Educated on HBV infection (64) | 13 | 20.3 | 0.79 (0.42–1.51) | 0.483 | 44 | 68.8 | 1.40 (0.80–2.45) | 0.237 |
Number of lifetime sex partners | 1.08 (0.92–1.27)* | 0.323 | 1.19 (1.04–1.38)* | 0.014 | ||||
None (39) | 7 | 18.0 | 20 | 51.3 | ||||
1 (229) | 35 | 15.3 | 166 | 72.5 | ||||
2 (200) | 32 | 16.0 | 160 | 80.0 | ||||
3 (99) | 21 | 21.2 | 72 | 72.7 | ||||
4+ (150) | 28 | 18.7 | 119 | 79.3 |