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Table 3 Prevalence of hepatitis B infection and lifetime exposure, persons 15 years and above, Gulu, Uganda, 2010 (N=717)

From: High burden of hepatitis B infection in Northern Uganda: results of a population-based survey

 

Hepatitis B infection (HBsAg positive)

Lifetime exposure (Anti-HBcAb positive)

Variable

N positive

Percent

Crude odds ratio (95% CI)

p-value

N positive

Percent

Crude odds ratio (95% CI)

p-value

Overall (717)

123

17.2

--

--

537

74.9

--

--

Sex

        

Male (189)

42

22.2

Ref

0.032

139

73.5

Ref

 

Female (528)

81

15.3

0.63 (0.42–0.98)

 

398

75.4

1.10 (0.75–1.61)

0.618

Age

  

0.76 (0.64–0.91)*

0.003

  

1.18 (1.01–1.37)*

0.034

15 – 24 (184)

44

23.9

  

129

70.1

  

25 – 34 (203)

36

17.7

  

149

73.4

  

35 – 44 (141

19

13.5

  

110

78.0

  

45+ (189)

24

12.7

  

149

78.8

  

Religion

        

Catholic (556)

95

17.1

1

0.594

424

76.3

1

0.666

Protestant (93)

18

19.4

1.16 (0.67–2.04)

0.302

69

74.2

0.90 (0.54–1.48)

0.074

Pentecostal/other (19)

5

26.3

1.73 (0.61–4.93)

0.220

11

57.9

0.43 (0.17–1.09)

0.167

Muslim (49)

5

10.2

0.55 (0.21–1.43)

 

33

67.4

0.64 (0.34–1.20)

 

Wealth index

  

1.17 (0.98–1.39)*

0.080

  

0.88 (0.76–1.03)

0.108

Lowest quartile (186)

24

12.9

  

144

77.2

  

Second quartile (180)

27

15.0

  

138

76.7

  

Third quartile (177)

42

23.7

  

133

75.1

  

Highest quartile (174)

30

17.2

  

122

70.1

  

Scarification (381)

61

16.0

0.84 (0.57–1.24)

0.387

288

74.9

1.08 (0.77–1.52)

0.648

Vaccinated against HBV (12)

1

8.3

2.30 (0.29–17.00)

0.427

8

66.7

1.50 (0.45–5.05)

0.51

Educated on HBV infection (64)

13

20.3

0.79 (0.42–1.51)

0.483

44

68.8

1.40 (0.80–2.45)

0.237

Number of lifetime sex partners

  

1.08 (0.92–1.27)*

0.323

  

1.19 (1.04–1.38)*

0.014

None (39)

7

18.0

  

20

51.3

  

1 (229)

35

15.3

  

166

72.5

  

2 (200)

32

16.0

  

160

80.0

  

3 (99)

21

21.2

  

72

72.7

  

4+ (150)

28

18.7

  

119

79.3

  
  1. *Linear model, odds ratio per increase in category.
  2. Final multivariate model for HBV infection included female sex (adjusted OR 0.61, 95% CI 0.40–0.93), p-value 0.021) and age (adjusted OR per group 0.76, 95% CI 0.63–0.90, p-value 0.002).
  3. Final multivariate model for lifetime infection included number of lifetime sex partners (adjusted OR 1.20 per partner category, 95% CI 1.04–1.38, p-value 0.012).