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Table 5 Results from the logistic regression analysis identifying associations between parenting practices and the odds of sexual risk-taking for FEMALES (n = 227)

From: Effects of parenting practices on sexual risk-taking among young people in Cameroon

Variable

Odds ratio (95% Confidence Intervals)

Sexually active (n = 227)

Multiple partnerships

Consistent use of contraceptive©

Occasional concurrent sexual partners

(n = 227)

(n = 189)

(n = 227)

 

Model 1

Model 2

Model 1

Model 2

Model 1

Model 2

Model 1

Model 2

Parenting dimensions (assessment at the time of the survey)

        

Quality of parent/child relationships

0.52*

0.54*

0.64*

0.60*

0.90

0.88

0.51*

0.46**

 

(0.26-1.02)

(0.28-1.04)

(0.36-1.11)

(0.34-1.05)

(0.54-1.50)

(0.52-1.48)

(0.26-1.02)

(0.23-0.88)

Knowledge of out-of-home activities

1.04

1.03

1.31*

1.32*

1.09

1.10

0.92

0.91

 

(0.79-1.35)

(0.78-1.34)

(0.94-1.81)

(0.95-1.81)

(0.85-1.40)

(0.86-1.40)

(0.68-1.24)

(0.67-1.23)

Approval of out-of-home activities

1.35*

1.36*

0.90

0.90

1.01

0.99

1.15

1.12

 

(0.98-1.87)

(0.98-1.86)

(0.63-1.30)

(0.63-1.29)

(0.73-1.36)

(0.72-1.36)

(0.74-1.78)

(0.74-1.70)

Parent–child communication on sexual issues

1.23

1.24

1.21

1.18

0.91

0.89

1.22

1.20

 

(0.91-1.64)

(0.92-1.67)

(0.86-1.70)

(0.83-1.67)

(0.67-1.21)

(0.65-1.21)

(0.79-1.86)

(0.79-1.81)

Parenting dimensions during early adolescence (assessment at age 12)

        

Quality of parent/child relationships

1.32

126

0.93

0.99

0.64

0.66

1.35

1.54

 

(0.65-2.67)

(0.63-2.51)

(0.46-1.87)

(0.48-2.06)

(0.33-1.22)

(0.34-1.26)

(0.60-3.02)

(0.68-3.48)

Knowledge of out-of-home activities

1.40**

1.39**

0.87

0.88

0.99

0.99

0.97

0.99

 

(1.03-1.89)

(1.01-1.89)

(0.61-1.25)

(0.61-1.28)

(0.74-1.33)

(0.74-1.32)

(0.67-1.39)

(0.67-1.46)

Approval of out-of-home activities

0.82

0.79

0.82

0.83

0.94

0.95

0.70

0.73

 

(0.59-1.13)

(0.57-1.11)

(0.54-1.22)

(0.55-1.24)

(0.67-1.32)

(0.67-1.33)

(0.46-1.08)

(0.47-1.12)

Parent–child communication on sexual issues

0.86

0.88

0.77

0.76

0.88

0.88

0.66

0.63

 

(0.61-1.21)

(0.61-1.22)

(0.45-1.31)

(0.45-1.27)

(0.64-1.21)

(0.64-1.21)

(0.34-1.27)

(0.34-1.15)

Early sexual debut (sexual initiation by age 15)

 

0.63

 

2.03*

 

1.29

 

2.69*

  

(0.28-1.39)

 

(0.85-4.87)

 

(0.59-2.84)

 

(0.92-7.82)

Family structure‡ (ref: Both biological parents)

        

Biological mother only

0.81

0.83

1.26

1.22

0.78

0.75

0.18*

0.17

 

(0.24-2.68)

(0.25-2.74)

(0.31-5.08)

(0.29-5.03)

(0.25-2.40)

(0.24-2.30)

(0.02-1.37)

(0.02-1.39)

Biological father only

3.49

3.64

1.80

1.88

0.33*

0.32*

5.92**

6.73**

 

(0.66-8.41)

(0.64-8.44)

(0.31-10.12)

(0.32-10.78)

(0.09-1.09)

(0.09-1.07)

(1.38-5.43)

(1.57-8.89)

Other relatives or unrelated co residents

2.29

2.30

1.19

1.11

0.55

0.53

0.53

0.50

 

(0.65-8.01)

(0.66-7.91)

(0.36-3.90)

(0.32-3.77)

(0.20-1.48)

(0.19-1.46)

(0.19-2.20)

(0.11-2.10)

Uncorrelated residents

1.55

1.51

3.29

3.91

0.85

0.91

0.63

0.78

 

(0.39-6.10)

(0.36-6.23)

(0.79-9.70)

(0.87-9.42)

(0.24-2.96)

(0.25-3.21)

(0.15-2.60)

(0.16-3.81)

Parent/guardian socioeconomic characteristics‡

        

Parent/guardian has a primary education (ref: No)

1.34

1.36

1.47

1.55

0.49

0.50

0.81

0.83

 

(0.39-4.59)

(0.38-4.91)

(0.31-6.81)

(0.29-8.24)

(0.15-1.58)

(0.15-1.60)

(0.16-4.05)

(0.14-4.69)

Parent/guardian has a paid job (ref: No)

0.73

0.72

0.60

0.56

1.21

1.22

0.52

0.48

 

(0.33-1.56)

(0.33-1.55)

(0.24-1.50)

(0.21-1.42)

(0.57-2.54)

(0.58-2.58)

(0.18-1.48)

(0.16-1.42)

Parent/guardian is married (ref: No)

0.64

0.66

0.62

0.58

1.48

1.47

0.78

0.77

 

(0.18-2.25)

(0.17-2.39)

(0.19-2.04)

(0.17-1.98)

(0.55-3.99)

(0.54-3.96)

(0.22-2.72)

(0.21-2.78)

Respondent’ age (ref: 15–19)

0.43**

0.38**

1.61

1.79

1.12

1.17

1.08

1.26

 

(0.19-0.92)

(0.17-0.84)

(0.64-4.05)

(0.70-4.51)

(0.53-2.38)

(0.55-2.48)

(0.37-3.13)

(0.42-3.71)

Currently attending school (ref: No)

2.25*

2.27*

1.15

1.11

0.36***

0.35***

2.15

2.13

 

(0.96-5.25)

(0.99-5.21)

(0.47-2.78)

(0.46-2.65)

(0.17-0.71)

(0.17-0.70)

(0.79-5.77)

(0.80-5.69)

Religious affiliation (ref: Christian)

0.73

0.75

0.26

0.22

1.16

1.14

0.52

0.41

 

(0.07-7.43)

(0.07-8.08)

(0.03-1.67)

(0.03-1.35)

(0.24-5.49)

(0.23-5.49)

(0.04-6.11)

(0.04-3.92)

  1. Notes: ‡ At the time of the survey ©Among those who had at least one sexual partner.
  2. All scales are scored such that a higher value indicates higher level of the construct.
  3. Model 1: Parenting variables + controls for family structure, parent/guardian socioeconomic characteristics, age, schooling status and religious affiliation;
  4. Model 2: Parenting variables + controls for early sexual debut, family structure, parent/guardian socioeconomic characteristics, age, schooling status and religious affiliation.
  5. Level of significance: * p < 0.1; ** p < 0.05; *** p < 0.001.
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BMC Public Health

ISSN: 1471-2458

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