Variables | Mean (SD, Range) | N % |
---|---|---|
Age (year) | 68.7 (9.4, 27~ 90) | |
Duration of diabetes year | 7.9 (6.2, 0.5~33) | |
Participated DM support group | ||
Yes | 195 (50.4) | |
No | 192 (49.6) | |
Adopted oral medications | ||
Yes | 351 (90.7) | |
No | 36 ( 9.3) | |
Adopted insulin injection | ||
Yes | 20 ( 5.2) | |
No | 367 (94.8) | |
Fasting blood glucose | ||
≦130 | 135 (34.9) | |
≧131 | 226 (58.4) | |
missing | 26 ( 6.7) | |
HbA1C | ||
≦6.99% | 26 ( 6.7) | |
≧7.00% | 221 (57.1) | |
missing | 75 (19.4) | |
BMI | ||
Normal (~24) | 118 (30.5) | |
Overweight (~27) | 123 (31.8) | |
Obesity (>27) | 146 (37.7) | |
Waist circumference (cm) | ||
Normal (male≦90, female≦80) | 129 (33.3) | |
Abnormal (male≧91, female≧81) | 258 (66.7) | |
Michigan Neuropathy Screening score | ||
≦3.0 | 301 (77.8) | |
≧3.5 | 86 (22.2) | |
ABPI (ankle brachial pressure index) | ||
≧ 0.90 | 338 (87.3) | |
≦ 0.89 | 49 (12.7) | |
Systolic Blood pressure | ||
≦130 | 121 (31.3) | |
≧131 | 266 (68.7) | |
Diastolic Blood pressure | ||
≦85 | 299 (77.3) | |
≧86 | 88 (22.7) | |
Exercise behavior | ||
Regular | 228 (58.9) | |
Irregular | 159 (41.1) | |
Adopted diabetes diet | ||
Yes | 256 (66.1) | |
No | 131 (33.9) | |
Oral care (Brush after meal ) | ||
Yes | 129 (33.3) | |
No | 258 (66.7) | |
Oral hygiene-using dental floss | ||
Yes | 135 (34.9) | |
No | 252 (65.1) | |
Number of teeth | ||
~10 | 249 (64.3) | |
~20 | 60 (15.5) | |
~28 | 78 (20.2) | |
Depression score | ||
≦12 | 320 (82.7) | |
≧13 | 67 (17.3) |