Characteristic | Male | Female | All |
---|---|---|---|
Mean±SD | |||
Age, yrs | 58.39±12.01 | 59.09±11.32 | 58.72±11.69 |
BMI, kg/m2 | 24.47±2.92 | 24.38±3.41 | 24.43±3.16 |
Duration of diabetes, yr | 5.43±5.16 | 5.71±5.40 | 5.57±5.28 |
HbA1c, % | 7.90±1.73 | 7.80±1.71 | 7.85±1.72 |
FPG, mmol/L | 8.12±2.40 | 8.02±2.39 | 8.07±2.39 |
2hPPG, mmol/L | 11.26±3.64 | 11.12±3.63 | 11.19±3.64 |
SBP, mmHg | 132.35±14.79 | 131.39±15.50 | 131.89±15.14 |
DBP, mmHg | 81.86±11.00 | 80.10±11.05 | 81.02±11.06 |
Triglycerides, mmol/L | 2.22±1.65 | 2.10±1.46 | 2.16±1.56 |
Total cholesterol, mmol/L | 4.71±1.48 | 4.75±1.48 | 4.73±1.48 |
LDL, mmol/L | 2.92±1.16 | 2.92±1.16 | 2.92±1.16 |
Reason for insulin initiation, n (%) | |||
OAD ineffective | 33341 (77.18) | 29525 (78.17) | 62866 (77.64) |
Complication | 5531 (12.80) | 4862 (12.87) | 10393 (12.84) |
Patient requests | 3041 (7.04) | 2382 (6.31) | 5423 (6.70) |
Other reason | 1288 (2.98) | 1003 (2.65) | 2291 (2.82) |
Complications and comorbidities, n (%) | |||
Hypertension | 41400 (33.25) | 38194 (33.46) | 79594 (33.35) |
Coronary heart disease | 12918 (10.38) | 13125 (11.50) | 26043 (10.91) |
Dyslipidemia | 25222 (20.26) | 21712 (19.02) | 46934 (19.67) |
Cerebrovascular disease | 6552 (5.26) | 5526 (4.84) | 12078 (5.06) |
Diabetic retinopathy | 9799 (7.87) | 10046 (8.80) | 19845 (8.32) |
Diabetic neuropathy | 13211 (10.61) | 12930 (11.33) | 26141 (10.95) |
Diabetic nephropathy | 7001 (5.62) | 5702 (5.00) | 12703 (5.32) |
Diabetic foot | 1380 (1.11) | 1087 (0.95) | 2467 (1.03) |
Others | 2438 (1.96) | 2469 (2.16) | 4907 (2.06) |