Table 2 Bivariate and multivariate analysis of individual, relational, and environmental-structural variables on the outcome: adherence to ARVs (n = 632)
| Â | % Adherent | UOR | (95% CI) | p-value | AOR | (95% CI) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Individual variables | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Sociodemographics | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Age [range = 19-67 years; median = 42] | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
19-35 | 78% | 1.00 | Â | Â | 1.00 | Â | Â |
36-41 | 81% | 1.20 | (.67 - 2.12) | 0.543 | 1.40 | (.59 - 3.33) | 0.451 |
42-47 | 87% | 1.88 | (1.04 - 3.38) | 0.037 | 1.86 | (.88 - 3.95) | 0.104 |
48-67 | 85% | 1.57 | (.89 - 2.79) | 0.122 | 1.52 | (.72 - 3.22) | 0.268 |
Race | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
White | 86% | 1.00 | Â | Â | 1.00 | Â | Â |
Non-White (Black, Brown, Other) | 82% | 0.72 | (.44 - 1.89) | 0.200 | 0.82 | (.43 - 1.59) | 0.562 |
Education | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Primary or less | 80% | 1.00 | Â | Â | 1.00 | Â | Â |
Secondary | 86% | 1.52 | (.97 - 2.39) | 0.068 | 1.19 | (.92 - 1.53) | 0.187 |
University or more | 88% | 1.90 | (.95 - 3.80) | 0.070 | 0.89 | (.58 - 1.36) | 0.580 |
Sexual orientation | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Heterosexual | 81% | 1.00 | Â | Â | 1.00 | Â | Â |
Other (Homosexual, Bi, Trans) | 86% | 1.42 | (.92 - 2.20) | 0.116 | 1.08 | (.58 - 1.99) | 0.817 |
Relationship status | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
No Steady Partner | 84% | 1.00 | Â | Â | 1.00 | Â | Â |
With Steady Partner | 82% | 0.85 | (.56 - 1.29) | 0.455 | 0.73 | (.46 - 1.14) | 0.167 |
Partner HIV status | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
HIV negative | 84% | 1.00 | Â | Â | 1.00 | Â | Â |
HIV positive | 79% | 0.71 | (.40 - 1.26) | 0.244 | 0.71 | (.43 - 1.17) | 0.178 |
Number of children | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
0 | 85% | 1.00 | Â | Â | 1.00 | Â | Â |
1 | 89% | 1.40 | (.73 - 2.69) | 0.315 | 2.29 | (1.33 - 3.94) | 0.003 |
>=2 | 78% | 0.65 | (.42 - 1.03) | 0.066 | 1.25 | (.78 - 2.01) | 0.363 |
Religion | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Catholic | 83% | 1.00 | Â | Â | 1.00 | Â | Â |
Evangelical | 82% | 0.94 | (.56 - 1.59) | 0.824 | 1.12 | (.60 - 2.09) | 0.731 |
Other (Espirita, Afro-Brazilian, other) | 84% | 1.03 | (.59 - 1.80) | 0.914 | 0.91 | (.30 - 2.72) | 0.862 |
None | 84% | 1.05 | (.53 - 2.08) | 0.886 | 1.04 | (.47 - 2.32) | 0.921 |
Length of time on ARVs | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
0-1 yrs | 80% | 1.00 | Â | Â | 1.00 | Â | Â |
2-6 yrs | 85% | 1.50 | (.86 - 2.64) | 0.155 | 1.53 | (.88 - 2.65) | 0.128 |
7-23 yrs | 84% | 1.30 | (.78 - 2.17) | 0.307 | 1.11 | (.73 - 1.67) | 0.629 |
Psychosocial variables | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Depression | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
No (<11) | 83% | 1.00 | Â | Â | 1.00 | Â | Â |
Depressed (>11) | 83% | 0.98 | (.62 - 1.54) | 0.932 | 0.89 | (.51 - 1.54) | 0.678 |
Anxiety | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
No (<11) | 86% | 1.00 | Â | Â | 1.00 | Â | Â |
Anxiety (>11) | 79% | 0.61 | (.40 - .93) | 0.021 | 0.76 | (.51 - 1.54) | 0.177 |
Relational variable | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Social support | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Low | 76% | 1.00 | Â | Â | 1.00 | Â | Â |
Medium | 82% | 1.46 | (.91 - 2.33) | 0.119 | 1.47 | (.93 - 2.31) | 0.096 |
High | 91% | 3.13 | (1.67 -5.88) | 0.000 | 2.85 | (1.50 - 5.41) | 0.001 |
Environmental-structural variables | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Asset index | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Low (1-7) | 78% | 1.00 | Â | Â | 1.00 | Â | Â |
High (8-23) | 91% | 2.89 | (1.77 -4.73) | 0.000 | 2.47 | (1.79 - 3.40) | 0.000 |
Savings | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
No | 81% | 1.00 | Â | Â | 1.00 | Â | Â |
Yes | 91% | 2.40 | (1.30 -4.42) | 0.005 | 1.81 | (.93 - 3.53) | 0.079 |
Gender | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Male | 86% | 1.00 | Â | Â | 1.00 | Â | Â |
Female | 76% | 0.53 | (.35 - .81) | 0.004 | 0.58 | (0.38 - .88) | 0.011 |
Transgender | 100% | Predicts perfectly | Â | Â | Predicts perfectly | Â | Â |