Table 4 Main socio-demographic and health related characteristics of the study sample distributed by cognitive status; bivariate analysis
Variables | N = 11891 | MMS2 ≥ 24 | MMS < 24 | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|  | 100% | N = 517(43.5%) | N = 672(56.5%) |  |
Gender | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Male | 589 | 61.5 | 38.5 | <0.001 |
 Female | 600 | 25.8 | 74.2 |  |
Age mean (DS) | 1182 | 73.8 (6.6) | 76.4 (7.2) | <0.001 |
Religion | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Christian | 698 | 49.1 | 50.9 | <0.001 |
 Muslims | 322 | 34.8 | 65.2 |  |
 Druze | 164 | 36.0 | 64.0 |  |
Marital status | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Married | 769 | 52.0 | 48.0 | <0.001 |
 Divorced/single | 75 | 36.0 | 64.0 |  |
 Widowed | 345 | 26.1 | 73.9 |  |
Education | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Illiterate | 529 | 13.8 | 86.2 | <0.001 |
 Primary school | 412 | 56.8 | 43.2 |  |
 Middle school | 156 | 78.8 | 21.2 |  |
 High school/university | 91 | 94.5 | 5.5 |  |
Monthly income | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 < 300.000 LL | 528 | 28.4 | 71.6 | <0.001 |
 300.000 – 600.000 LL | 304 | 49.3 | 50.7 |  |
 >600.000 LL | 302 | 66.2 | 33.8 |  |
Health Insurance | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 No | 491 | 38.5 | 61.5 | <0.001 |
 Private Insurance | 60 | 65.0 | 35.0 |  |
 NSSF and others2 | 634 | 45.6 | 54.4 |  |
Main occupation | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Farmer | 222 | 37.4 | 62.6 | <0.001 |
 Employee/manager | 304 | 63.2 | 36.8 |  |
 Self-employed | 195 | 68.7 | 31.3 |  |
 Without work (including household) | 465 | 23.0 | 77.0 |  |
BMI | 1166 | 27.3 (4.9) | 27.8 (5.7) | 0.106 |
MNA | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Malnutrition (<17) | 89 | 6.7 | 93.3 | <0.001 |
 At risk of MN (17–23.5) | 342 | 25.7 | 74.3 |  |
 Normal (≥ 24) | 738 | 57.3 | 42.7 |  |
Number of chronic disease/ mean (DS) | 1188 | 2.5 (1.9) | 3.4 (2.2) | <0.001 |
Daily drug intake / mean (DS) | 1188 | 3.3 (2.7) | 4.2(3.2) | <0.001 |
Chronic pain | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Yes | 532 | 33.1 | 66.9 | <0.001 |
 No | 650 | 52.2 | 47.8 |  |
SOF | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Robust | 370 | 65.1 | 34.9 | <0.001 |
 Prefrail | 338 | 45.9 | 54.1 |  |
 Frail | 406 | 25.1 | 74.9 |  |
Hospitalization during last year | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Yes | 535 | 34.6 | 65.4 | <0.001 |
 No | 653 | 50.8 | 49.2 |  |
Oral health status | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Chewing problems |  |  |  |  |
 Yes | 334 | 34.1 | 65.9 | <0.001 |
 No | 853 | 47.1 | 52.9 |  |
 Edentulous (partially or totally) |  |  |  |  |
 Yes | 720 | 35.3 | 64.7 | <0.001 |
 No | 365 | 54.0 | 46.0 |  |
 Dentures (partial or complete) |  |  |  |  |
 Yes | 562 | 35.9 | 64.1 | <0.001 |
 No | 622 | 50.0 | 50.0 |  |
ADL | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Independent | 908 | 50.2 | 49.8 | <0.001 |
 Dependent 1 ADL | 151 | 31.1 | 68.9 |  |
 Dependent for > = 2 ADL | 130 | 10.8 | 89.2 |  |
IADL | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Independent | 246 | 82.5 | 17.5 | <0.001 |
 Dependent for 1 IADL | 189 | 54.0 | 46.0 |  |
 Dependent for 2 IADL | 126 | 39.7 | 60.3 |  |
 Dependent for 3 IADL | 143 | 20.3 | 79.7 |  |
 Dependent for 4 IADL | 89 | 10.1 | 89.9 |  |
Fall during last year | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Yes | 259 | 27.4 | 72.6 | <0.001 |
 No | 928 | 48.1 | 51.9 |  |
5 item GDS 3 score mean (DS) | 1185 | 0.9 (1.2) | 1.70 (1.5) | <0.001 |