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Table 3 Baseline characteristics by sex and categories of waist circumference

From: Prevalence of obesity and associated cardiovascular risk: the DARIOS study

Men

Waist circumference

  
 

<94 cm N = 3,702

≥94 and <102 cm N = 3,473

≥102 cm N = 4,215

p-value

p for linear trend

Age, mean (SD)

50 (11)

54 (11)

56 (11)

<0.001

<0.001

Current smoker

1406 (38.0%)

1035 (29.8%)

1280 (30.4%)

<0.001

<0.001

Systolic blood pressure, mean (SD)

128 (17)

134 (18)

140 (18)

<0.001

<0.001

Diastolic blood pressure, mean (SD)

78 (10)

81 (10)

84 (11)

<0.001

<0.001

Hypertension

1219 (33.1%)

1764 (51.0%)

2894 (68.8%)

<0.001

<0.001

Glycaemia (mg/dl), median [IQR]

94 [88–102]

99 [91–109]

103 [93–117]

<0.001

<0.001

Diabetes

330 (8.9%)

539 (15.6%)

1038 (24.8%)

<0.001

<0.001

Total cholesterol (mg/dl), mean (SD)

212 (38)

217 (39)

214 (40)

<0.001

0.021

HDL cholesterol (mg/dl), mean (SD)

51 (12)

49 (10)

47 (10)

<0.001

<0.001

LDL cholesterol (mg/dl), mean (SD)

138 (34)

141 (34)

138 (34)

<0.001

0.884

Triglycerides (mg/dl), median [IQR]

102 [78–139]

120 [88–165]

132 [97–188]

<0.001

<0.001

Hypercholesterolemia

1438 (39.1%)

1710 (49.7%)

2181 (52.0%)

<0.001

<0.001

History of CV disease

150 (4.2%)

192 (5.8%)

402 (10.0%)

<0.001

<0.001

Body mass index (kg/m2), mean (SD)

24.7 (2.4)

27.7 (2.1)

31.7 (3.5)

<0.001

<0.001

Waist-to-height ratio, mean (SD)

0.51 (0.04)

0.58 (0.03)

0.65 (0.05)

<0.001

<0.001

10-year CAD risk, median [IQR]

2.8 [1.6-4.9]

4.1 [2.3-7.1]

5.4 [3.2-8.6]

<0.001

<0.001

10-year CAD risk ≥10%

184 (5.4%)

352 (11.4%)

650 (18.2%)

<0.001

<0.001

Women

<80 cm N = 2,900

≥80 cm and <88 N = 2,800

≥88 cm N = 7,434

p-value

 

Age, mean (SD)

46 (9)

51 (10)

57 (11)

<0.001

<0.001

Current smoker

918 (31.7%)

671 (24.0%)

1019 (13.7%)

<0.001

<0.001

Systolic blood pressure, mean (SD)

115 (16)

122 (19)

134 (20)

<0.001

<0.001

Diastolic blood pressure, mean (SD)

72 (10)

75 (10)

80 (10)

<0.001

<0.001

Hypertension

465 (16.1%)

808 (29.0%)

4289 (57.9%)

<0.001

<0.001

Glycaemia (mg/dl), median [IQR]

88 [83–94]

90 [85–97]

96 [88–107]

<0.001

<0.001

Diabetes

87 (3.0%)

151 (5.4%)

1312 (17.8%)

<0.001

<0.001

Total cholesterol (mg/dl), mean (SD)

206 (36)

215 (37)

219 (38)

<0.001

<0.001

HDL cholesterol (mg/dl), mean (SD)

61 (13)

59 (12)

55 (12)

<0.001

<0.001

LDL cholesterol (mg/dl), mean (SD)

129 (32)

137 (33)

139 (34)

<0.001

<0.001

Triglycerides (mg/dl), median [IQR]

75 [60–95]

86 [68–114]

109 [82–149]

<0.001

<0.001

Hypercholesterolemia

881 (30.5%)

1163 (42.0%)

3807 (51.5%)

<0.001

<0.001

History of CV disease

69 (2.5%)

86 (3.2%)

326 (4.6%)

<0.001

<0.001

Body mass index (kg/m2), mean (SD)

22.7 (2.4)

25.3 (2.5)

30.9 (4.8)

<0.001

<0.001

Waist-to-height ratio, mean (SD)

0.46 (0.03)

0.53 (0.03)

0.64 (0.07)

<0.001

<0.001

10-year CAD risk, median [IQR]

0.9 [0.5-1.9]

1.7 [0.8-3.1]

3.1 [1.7-4.9]

<0.001

<0.001

10-year CAD risk ≥10%

9 (0.3%)

17 (0.7%)

229 (3.4%)

<0.001

<0.001

  1. Abbreviation: CAD Coronary artery disease, CV Cardiovascular, HDL High-density Llipoprotein, IQR Interquartile range, LDL low-density lipoprotein, SD Standard deviation.