Table 3 Australian adults 16–18 years: Univariate and multivariate odds ratios for smoking, associated with socioeconomic factors and mental illness
Parameter | Univariate odds ratios (a) | Multivariate odds ratios (b) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Â | Odds ratio | 95% CI | Odds ratio | 95% CI |
Mental health status— |  |  |  |  |
  12 month disorder | 3.26 | 2.69 - 3.95 | 2.43 | 1.97 - 3.01 |
  Lifetime disorder | 2.52 | 2.04 - 3.12 | 2.15 | 1.72 - 2.70 |
  No mental illness | 1.00 |  | 1.00 |  |
Quintiles of household income— |  |  |  |  |
  Lowest quintile | 2.29 | 1.76 - 3.00 | (c) |  |
  Second quintile | 1.64 | 1.22 - 2.21 |  |  |
  Third quintile | 1.36 | 1.02 - 1.81 |  |  |
  Fourth quintile | 1.28 | 0.99 - 1.65 |  |  |
  Highest quintile | 1.00 |  |  |  |
  Not stated | 1.56 | 1.14 - 2.13 |  |  |
Quintiles of relative socioeconomic disadvantage— |  |  |  |  |
  Lowest quintile | 2.26 | 1.72 - 2.96 | 1.23 | 0.92 - 1.63 |
  Second quintile | 2.01 | 1.51 - 2.67 | 1.27 | 0.97 - 1.68 |
  Third quintile | 1.46 | 1.17 - 1.83 | 1.05 | 0.81 - 1.35 |
  Fourth quintile | 1.25 | 0.96 - 1.63 | 0.97 | 0.76 - 1.23 |
  Highest quintile | 1.00 |  | 1.00 |  |
Education— |  |  |  |  |
  Bachelor degree or higher | 0.35 | 0.26 - 0.48 | 0.48 | 0.34 - 0.68 |
  Diploma | 0.68 | 0.47 - 0.98 | 0.81 | 0.56 - 1.17 |
  Certificate I/II/III/IV | 0.80 | 0.63 - 1.02 | 0.83 | 0.63 - 1.09 |
  Year 12 | 0.62 | 0.48 - 0.82 | 0.72 | 0.54 - 0.95 |
  Year 11 | 0.81 | 0.56 - 1.16 | 0.94 | 0.63 - 1.40 |
  Year 10 | 1.00 |  | 1.00 |  |
  Year 9 or below | 1.44 | 1.12 - 1.85 | 1.28 | 0.98 - 1.67 |
Whether ever been homeless— |  |  |  |  |
  Yes | 5.45 | 3.91 - 7.60 | 1.82 | 1.23 - 2.69 |
  No | 1.00 |  | 1.00 |  |
Whether ever in gaol, prison or correctional facility— |  |  |  |  |
  Yes | 6.54 | 4.10 - 10.30 | 2.64 | 1.44 - 4.87 |
  No | 1.00 |  | 1.00 |  |
Registered marital status— |  |  |  |  |
  Never married | 2.49 | 2.00 - 3.10 | 1.60 | 1.25 - 2.06 |
  Married | 1.00 |  | 1.00 |  |
  Widowed | 1.52 | 1.04 - 2.24 | 1.32 | 0.85 - 2.05 |
  Divorced | 2.70 | 2.07 - 3.51 | 1.81 | 1.29 - 2.53 |
  Separated | 3.48 | 2.49 - 4.86 | 2.09 | 1.35 - 3.22 |
Tenure type— |  |  |  |  |
  Owner without a mortgage | 1.00 |  | 1.00 |  |
  Owner with a mortgage | 1.27 | 1.04 - 1.54 | 1.32 | 1.08 - 1.61 |
  Renter | 2.60 | 2.10 - 3.21 | 1.96 | 1.52 - 2.52 |
  Other | 1.85 | 1.17 - 2.92 | 1.78 | 1.15 - 2.75 |
Financial difficulties— |  |  |  |  |
  Yes | 2.51 | 2.05 - 3.06 | 1.41 | 1.11 - 1.80 |
  No | 1.00 |  | 1.00 |  |
Labour force status— |  |  |  |  |
  Employed | 1.00 |  | 1.00 |  |
  Unemployed | 3.27 | 2.07 - 5.17 | 2.25 | 1.12 - 4.54 |
  Not in the labour force | 1.10 | 0.88 - 1.37 | 0.93 | 0.42 - 2.05 |
Occupation of main job— |  |  |  |  |
  Managers | 1.00 |  | 1.00 |  |
  Professionals | 0.77 | 0.55 - 1.08 | 0.79 | 0.55 - 1.16 |
  Technicians and Trades Workers | 1.72 | 1.20 - 2.45 | 1.24 | 0.88 - 1.74 |
  Community and Personal Service Workers | 1.67 | 1.19 - 2.35 | 1.07 | 0.73 - 1.58 |
  Clerical and Administrative Workers | 1.57 | 1.12 - 2.21 | 1.18 | 0.85 - 1.64 |
  Sales Workers | 1.28 | 0.83 - 1.98 | 1.00 | 0.65 - 1.54 |
  Machinery Operators And Drivers | 2.32 | 1.46 - 3.68 | 1.32 | 0.81 - 2.14 |
  Labourers | 2.72 | 1.99 - 3.73 | 1.70 | 1.25 - 2.30 |
  Not applicable | 1.84 | 1.38 - 2.44 | 1.01 | 0.42 - 2.42 |
Family composition of household— |  |  |  |  |
  Couple family with dependent children | 0.65 | 0.53 - 0.81 | 0.70 | 0.57 - 0.87 |
  One parent family with dependent children | 1.53 | 1.16 - 2.03 | 0.66 | 0.46 - 0.94 |
  Couple only | 1.00 |  | 1.00 |  |
  Other one family households | 1.92 | 1.49 - 2.46 | 1.65 | 1.24 - 2.18 |
  Multiple family households | 1.63 | 0.91 - 2.92 | 1.50 | 0.76 - 2.96 |
  Lone person household | 1.64 | 1.41 - 1.91 | 0.87 | 0.69 - 1.09 |
  Group household | 1.81 | 1.11 - 2.94 | 1.13 | 0.67 - 1.90 |
Main source of income— |  |  |  |  |
  Employee cash income | 1.00 |  | (c) |  |
  Unincorporated business cash income | 0.82 | 0.55 - 1.21 |  |  |
  Government cash pensions and allowances | 1.91 | 1.51 - 2.41 |  |  |
  Other cash income | 0.98 | 0.65 - 1.46 |  |  |
  None of the above | 0.73 | 0.50 - 1.07 |  |  |