Skip to main content

Table 1 Australian adults 16–85 years: Proportion of population, proportion who smoke and proportion with 12-month mental illness, by socioeconomic factors

From: Smoking, mental illness and socioeconomic disadvantage: analysis of the Australian National Survey of Mental Health and Wellbeing

Parameter

Proportion of population

Current smokers

12-month mental illness

 

Percent

95% CI

Percent

95% CI

Percent

95% CI

Quintiles of household income—

      

  Lowest quintile

16.8

15.7 - 17.8

24.4

22.0 - 26.8

23.6

20.9 - 26.3

  Second quintile

17.0

15.7 - 18.3

23.1

19.5 - 26.7

20.0

17.0 - 23.1

  Third quintile

17.0

15.8 - 18.2

21.9

18.5 - 25.3

21.3

18.0 - 24.5

  Fourth quintile

16.8

15.7 - 18.0

22.2

19.5 - 25.0

17.7

14.4 - 20.9

  Highest quintile

17.0

15.9 - 18.1

18.4

15.4 - 21.4

17.9

14.9 - 20.9

  Not stated

15.4

14.2 - 16.6

23.7

19.3 - 28.2

19.3

15.8 - 22.8

   

χ2 = 8.19, p = 0.15

χ2 = 23.2, p = 0.010

Quintiles of relative socioeconomic disadvantage—

      

  Lowest quintile

16.7

14.6 - 18.8

29.6

26.1 - 33.1

21.4

18.4 - 24.4

  Second quintile

18.5

16.1 - 20.9

26.8

23.8 - 29.9

20.9

18.5 - 23.2

  Third quintile

20.0

17.7 - 22.3

21.8

19.1 - 24.5

21.3

18.0 - 24.7

  Fourth quintile

21.8

19.1 - 24.5

19.8

17.2 - 22.3

21.2

18.7 - 23.7

  Highest quintile

23.0

20.8 - 25.2

16.1

13.2 - 19.0

15.9

13.1 - 18.6

   

χ2 = 53.5, p < 0.001

χ2 = 19.8, p = 0.011

Education—

      

  Bachelor degree or higher

20.0

19.4 - 20.5

13.4

10.8 - 16.0

16.9

14.7 - 19.2

  Diploma

8.5

8.1 - 8.9

21.4

16.6 - 26.2

21.9

17.9 - 25.8

  Certificate I/II/III/IV

25.4

24.4 - 26.3

24.8

22.0 - 27.6

20.2

17.9 - 22.4

  Year 12

14.4

13.4 - 15.5

22.2

18.8 - 25.6

22.4

19.2 - 25.5

  Year 11

6.7

5.9 - 7.4

25.7

20.1 - 31.3

20.9

16.4 - 25.5

  Year 10

13.6

12.6 - 14.6

26.8

23.0 - 30.5

21.9

17.7 - 26.0

  Year 9 or below

11.4

10.6 - 12.2

25.5

22.2 - 28.9

17.6

14.4 - 20.7

   

χ2 = 50.4, p < 0.001

χ2 = 24.4, p = 0.017

Whether ever been homeless—

      

  Yes

3.0

2.6 - 3.5

61.0

53.3 - 68.8

53.6

45.7 - 61.5

  No

97.0

96.5 - 97.4

21.1

19.7 - 22.4

18.9

17.9 - 20.0

   

χ2 = 136.2, p < 0.001

χ2 = 253.5, p < 0.001

Whether ever in gaol, prison or correctional facility—

      

  Yes

2.4

2.0 - 2.8

64.9

55.1 - 74.8

41.1

30.6 - 51.6

  No

97.6

97.2 - 98.0

21.2

19.9 - 22.6

19.4

18.4 - 20.5

   

χ2 = 99.3, p < 0.001

χ2 = 50.8, p < 0.001

Registered marital status—

      

  Never married

32.5

31.3 - 33.7

30.9

28.6 - 33.2

27.9

25.7 - 30.0

  Married

53.0

51.7 - 54.4

15.5

13.5 - 17.5

14.5

12.6 - 16.3

  Widowed

4.5

4.2 - 4.9

13.3

10.0 - 16.6

16.7

12.0 - 21.4

  Divorced

7.5

6.8 - 8.2

32.3

27.2 - 37.4

22.6

18.6 - 26.6

  Separated

2.5

2.1 - 2.9

39.5

32.5 - 46.6

31.8

25.5 - 38.1

   

χ2 = 193.5, p < 0.001

χ2 = 164.9, p < 0.001

Tenure type—

      

  Owner without a mortgage

32.5

30.8 - 34.1

13.7

12.0 - 15.3

14.7

13.1 - 16.4

  Owner with a mortgage

39.9

38.3 - 41.5

21.1

19.1 - 23.2

20.3

18.0 - 22.5

  Renter

24.7

23.2 - 26.1

34.9

32.0 - 37.8

26.5

24.1 - 28.8

  Other

2.9

2.5 - 3.4

26.2

19.0 - 33.5

19.1

12.6 - 25.6

   

χ2 = 178.5, p < 0.001

χ2 = 96.3, p < 0.001

Financial difficulties—

      

  Yes

14.5

13.4 - 15.6

39.8

35.3 - 44.2

39.1

35.3 - 42.8

  No

85.5

84.4 - 86.6

19.3

18.0 - 20.7

16.7

15.5 - 17.9

   

χ2 = 101.3, p < 0.001

χ2 = 172.9, p < 0.001

Labour force status—

      

  Employed

65.2

64.8 - 65.6

23.4

21.7 - 25.1

20.3

18.7 - 21.8

  Unemployed

2.6

2.5 - 2.7

50.8

38.9 - 62.6

29.4

20.3 - 38.4

  Not in the labour force

32.2

31.8 - 32.5

17.6

15.6 - 19.7

18.6

16.9 - 20.3

   

χ2 = 54.7, p < 0.001

χ2 = 23.9, p < 0.001

Occupation of main job—

      

  Managers

8.9

8.0 - 9.9

17.6

14.4 - 20.8

18.7

14.9 - 22.4

  Professionals

13.2

12.2 - 14.3

13.9

10.8 - 17.0

18.6

15.4 - 21.8

  Technicians and Trades Workers

9.2

8.3 - 10.1

28.9

23.7 - 34.2

21.1

16.2 - 25.9

  Community & Personal Services

6.0

5.4 - 6.7

24.9

19.8 - 30.0

22.5

17.0 - 28.1

  Clerical and Administrative Workers

10.0

9.1 - 11.0

23.7

19.4 - 28.1

22.0

18.6 - 25.3

  Sales Workers

6.4

5.6 - 7.2

20.7

15.3 - 26.1

20.8

16.2 - 25.4

  Machinery Operators And Drivers

3.9

3.2 - 4.6

34.4

26.9 - 41.8

19.1

11.9 - 26.2

  Labourers

7.1

6.3 - 7.9

36.6

30.8 - 42.5

20.6

15.2 - 25.9

  Not applicable

35.3

34.9 - 35.7

20.1

18.0 - 22.1

19.3

17.7 - 21.0

   

χ2 = 89.9, p < 0.001

χ2 = 32.6, p = 0.008

Family composition of household—

      

  Couple with dependent children

33.4

32.1 - 34.7

17.6

15.0 - 20.2

18.7

16.1 - 21.3

  One parent with dependent children

4.7

4.1 - 5.2

30.7

25.0 - 36.4

33.8

26.9 - 40.7

  Couple only

27.3

26.5 - 28.0

16.7

15.1 - 18.3

14.4

13.0 - 15.9

  Other one family households

14.5

13.1 - 15.9

33.0

28.4 - 37.6

23.5

18.8 - 28.2

  Multiple family households

2.9

2.3 - 3.5

29.0

17.1 - 40.9

22.1

12.2 - 32.1

  Lone person household

13.2

12.9 - 13.4

25.1

23.0 - 27.1

22.8

21.0 - 24.5

  Group household

4.1

3.3 - 4.9

37.0

27.6 - 46.4

28.5

19.8 - 37.3

   

χ2 = 95.9, p < 0.001

χ2 = 57.7, p < 0.001

Main source of income—

      

  Employee cash income

55.5

54.5 - 56.6

23.6

21.6 - 25.5

20.5

19.0 - 22.0

  Unincorporated business cash income

5.7

4.9 - 6.5

19.3

13.6 - 25.0

16.2

11.2 - 21.2

  Government pensions and allowances

22.5

21.7 - 23.2

24.9

22.0 - 27.8

23.1

21.0 - 25.2

  Other cash income

10.3

9.2 - 11.3

13.9

10.1 - 17.7

14.8

11.1 - 18.5

  None of the above

6.0

5.3 - 6.7

17.5

12.4 - 22.6

15.7

10.8 - 20.6

   

χ2 = 23.4, p < 0.001

χ2 = 44.6, p < 0.001

Back to article page