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Table 2 Effect of case definition on gastrointestinal illness rate

From: Equivalency of risk for a modified health endpoint: a case from recreational water epidemiology studies

Reference

Study

Case definition1

Non-swimmer illness rate per 1000

  

Diarrhea

Vomiting

Stomachache

Nausea

Wiedenmann [25]

UK2

3 episodes in 24 hours

Any

w/fever

w/fever

14

 

UKwf3

Any

Any

w/fever

w/fever

28

 

NL24

Any

Any

Any

Any

52

van Asperen [26]

USEPA5

w/fever or disabling

Any

w/fever

w/fever

8

 

UK2

3 episodes in 24 hours

Any

w/fever

w/fever

17

 

NL24

Any

Any

Any

Any

21

  1. 1Presence of any single symptom. Any indicated concomitant condition (e.g. “w/fever”) is s required to be present in addition to the primary symptom. 2 Kay, [27]. 3 Wiedenmann, [25]. 4 van Asperen, [26]. 5 Cabelli, [10].