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Table 2 Recommended levels within PA guidelines used in the selected studies

From: Physical activity in older people: a systematic review

PA type /if accumulated by 10 min bouts Guidelines

Self-reported PA studies

Objectively measured PA studies

10 minute bouts

10 minute bouts

Y9

N10

Y9

N10

More detailed

CDC-ACSM 1995 1

3, 8, 26, 31, 33

1, 5*, 6*, 10, 17, 24, 30, 46

50, 52, 53

46

HP 20102

13, 14, 16, 19, 28, 32, 39, 41, 42, 43, 47, 48

11, 22, 49

  

CAPG3

35

   

Less detailed

3KKD4

29, 35

   

500METs5

36, 38

 

38

 

SGR 19966

3, 4

15

  

PAGA20087

18, 23, 20, 21, 27, 38, 40, 43, 44, 45

 

38, 51, 52, 53

 

150 mins/week8

2, 7*, 12, 9*, 34*, 37*

25

  
  1. 1 CDC-ACSM 1995: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the American College of Sports Medicine 1995 PA Recommendation states that “Every U.S. adult should accumulate 30 minutes or more of moderate-intensity PA on most, preferably all, days of the week”. The cut point of ≥150 min, and 5 times weekly, was treated as the same criterion.
  2. 2 HP 2010: Healthy people 2010, recommended levels of activity are 30 minutes of moderate activity on at least five days a week or 20 minutes or vigorous activity three times a week.
  3. 3 CPAG recommendation: It recommends 60 min of light activity daily, 30 to 60 min of moderate activity 4 days a week, or 20 to 30 min of vigorous activity 4 days a week. We choose the combination of moderate and vigorous PA.
  4. 4 3.0 KKD: Canada National PA goal (Canadian Fitness and Lifestyle Research Institute 2005): Energy expenditure >1.5 KKD has been used to categorize those who are at least moderately active and who, thus, meet national physical activity goals. We adopted 3.0 KKD (active threshold, 1.5 KKD is moderate active threshold) so that it is comparable to the other guidelines. (KKD, kilocalories per kilogram per day).
  5. 5 500 METs: modified SGR that only includes the energy expenditure component, i.e., 500 METs per week.
  6. 6 SGR 1996: modified from US Surgeon General’s Report recommendation, demands a weekly amount of PA as approximately 1000 kcal·wk-1 (or 150 kcal/day).
  7. 7 PAGA 2008 (2008 PA Guidelines for Americans): adults should participate weekly in at least 150 minutes of moderate intensity aerobic activity, 75 minutes of vigorous-intensity aerobic activity, or an equivalent combination. This is the same criterion used in the recommendation from WHO, UK, and Canada’s Physical Activity Guide for Healthy Active Living.
  8. 8 150 minutes/week: modified PAGA 2008 that only includes 150 minutes PA per week.
  9. Y9PA amount was accumulated by 10 minute bouts.
  10. N10PA amount was not accumulated by10 minute bouts.
  11. * Studies in which only walking component in PA was accumulated by 10 minute bouts.
  12. Studies only included exercise as leisure time physical activity.
  13. (20) PA was accumulated based on 20 minute bouts.
  14. (30) PA was accumulated based on 30 minute bouts.