Mortality following unemployment in Canada, 1991–2001

Mustard, Cameron A; Bielecky, Amber; Etches, Jacob; Wilkins, Russell; Tjepkema, Michael; Amick, Benjamin C; Smith, Peter M; Aronson, Kristan J

doi:10.1186/1471-2458-13-441

BMC Public Health

Table 4 Mortality hazard ratios (HR) among the unemployed in 1991, by cause of death, controlling for age and for age and all other variables, women aged 30–69 at cohort inception, Canada, 1991–1996, 1997–2001, and 1991-2001

From: Mortality following unemployment in Canada, 1991–2001

	1991-1996							1997-2001							1991-2001
	Deaths	Controlling for age			Controlling for all variables (1)			Deaths	Controlling for age			Controlling for all variables (1)			Deaths	Controlling for age			Controlling for all variables (1)
		HR	95% CI		HR	95% CI			HR	95% CI		HR	95% CI			HR	95% CI		HR	95% CI
All causes of death	6,742	1.27	1.16	−1.39	1.25	1.14	−1.36	9,342	1.27	1.18	−1.37	1.23	1.14	−1.32	16,084	1.27	1.20	−1.35	1.24	1.17	−1.31
Malignant neoplasms	4,168	1.11	0.99	−1.25	1.11	0.99	−1.25	5,576	1.10	0.99	−1.22	1.08	0.97	−1.19	9,744	1.10	1.02	−1.19	1.09	1.01	−1.18
Stomach cancer	131	1.18	0.62	−2.24	1.14	0.59	−2.19	172	0.70	0.34	−1.42	0.67	0.33	−1.37	303	0.90	0.56	−1.45	0.87	0.54	−1.40
Lung cancer	884	1.24	0.97	−1.59	1.14	0.89	−1.46	1,321	1.45	1.20	−1.75	1.33	1.10	−1.60	2,205	1.37	1.18	−1.59	1.25	1.08	−1.45
Cancer of intestine and rectum	413	1.20	0.83	−1.72	1.22	0.85	−1.76	551	1.00	0.72	−1.41	0.99	0.71	−1.39	964	1.09	0.85	−1.39	1.09	0.85	−1.40
Other cancers	2,740	1.05	0.91	−1.22	1.08	0.93	−1.26	3,532	1.01	0.88	−1.15	1.01	0.89	−1.16	6,272	1.03	0.93	−1.13	1.04	0.94	−1.15
Circulatory diseases	1,152	1.26	1.01	−1.55	1.22	0.98	−1.51	1,732	1.48	1.26	−1.74	1.39	1.18	−1.64	2,884	1.39	1.22	−1.58	1.32	1.16	−1.50
Acute myocardial infarction	348	1.39	0.95	−2.02	1.36	0.93	−1.98	467	1.41	1.02	−1.95	1.31	0.95	−1.81	815	1.40	1.10	−1.79	1.33	1.04	−1.70
Other ischaemic heart disease	216	1.49	0.94	−2.36	1.39	0.88	−2.22	395	1.51	1.08	−2.13	1.43	1.02	−2.02	611	1.50	1.15	−1.98	1.42	1.08	−1.87
Cerebro-vascular disease	323	0.94	0.60	−1.48	0.89	0.56	−1.40	409	1.59	1.15	−2.20	1.54	1.11	−2.13	732	1.30	1.00	−1.69	1.24	0.95	−1.62
Other circulatory diseases	265	1.30	0.84	−2.01	1.32	0.85	−2.04	461	1.41	1.03	−1.95	1.32	0.95	−1.82	726	1.37	1.06	−1.78	1.32	1.01	−1.71
Respiratory diseases	163	1.34	0.77	−2.32	1.29	0.74	−2.24	335	1.74	1.23	−2.46	1.65	1.17	−2.35	498	1.61	1.20	−2.15	1.53	1.14	−2.06
Alcohol-related diseases	95	2.07	1.13	−3.79	1.82	0.98	−3.35	112	2.52	1.50	−4.23	2.17	1.29	−3.67	207	2.31	1.56	−3.42	2.01	1.35	−2.99
Accidents and violence	560	2.00	1.56	−2.56	1.88	1.46	−2.42	523	1.44	1.08	−1.93	1.42	1.06	−1.91	1,083	1.73	1.43	−2.08	1.66	1.37	−2.01
Suicide	192	2.20	1.46	−3.30	2.10	1.39	−3.17	186	1.42	0.88	−2.32	1.36	0.83	−2.23	378	1.81	1.32	−2.47	1.73	1.26	−2.37
Homicide (2)	33	-	-	-	-	-	-	23	0.58	0.08	−4.27	0.54	0.07	−4.10	56	0.24	0.03	−1.71	0.22	0.03	−1.60
Traffic accidents	182	1.31	0.78	−2.19	1.24	0.74	−2.09	164	1.09	0.61	−1.97	1.11	0.61	−2.01	346	1.21	0.82	−1.78	1.18	0.80	−1.74
Falls	22	6.32	2.57	−15.5	5.07	2.03	−12.7	23	1.35	0.32	−5.77	1.38	0.32	−6.01	45	3.47	1.67	−7.21	3.16	1.50	−6.65
Other accidents and violence	131	2.78	1.76	−4.39	2.60	1.63	−4.15	127	2.16	1.30	−3.60	2.15	1.28	−3.62	258	2.47	1.76	−3.47	2.39	1.69	−3.37
All other causes	699	1.67	1.31	−2.12	1.55	1.22	−1.98	1,176	1.61	1.33	−1.95	1.50	1.24	−1.82	1,875	1.63	1.41	−1.89	1.52	1.31	−1.77

(1) Adjusted for age, occupational skill level, educational attainment, marital status, year of immigration, and industry sector.
(2) Hazard ratios could not be estimated from multivariate models.
See Appendix for grouping of causes of death by ICD codes.

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