Mortality following unemployment in Canada, 1991–2001

Mustard, Cameron A; Bielecky, Amber; Etches, Jacob; Wilkins, Russell; Tjepkema, Michael; Amick, Benjamin C; Smith, Peter M; Aronson, Kristan J

doi:10.1186/1471-2458-13-441

BMC Public Health

Table 3 Mortality hazard ratios (HR) among the unemployed in 1991, by cause of death, controlling for age and for age and all other variables, men aged 30–69 at cohort inception, Canada, 1991–1996, 1997–2001 and 1991–2001

From: Mortality following unemployment in Canada, 1991–2001

	1991-1996							1997-2001							1991-2001
	Deaths	Controlling for age			Controlling for all variables (1)			Deaths	Controlling for age			Controlling for all variables (1)			Deaths	Controlling for age			Controlling for all variables (1)
		HR	95% CI		HR	95% CI			HR	95% CI		HR	95% CI			HR	95% CI		HR	95% CI
All causes of death	17,923	1.36	1.29	−1.43	1.22	1.15	−1.28	23,757	1.37	1.31	−1.43	1.22	1.17	−1.28	41,680	1.37	1.32	−1.41	1.22	1.18	−1.26
Malignant neoplasms	7071	1.19	1.09	−1.30	1.10	1.01	−1.21	10,079	1.28	1.19	−1.37	1.17	1.09	−1.26	17,150	1.24	1.18	−1.31	1.14	1.08	−1.21
Stomach cancer	529	1.54	1.16	−2.05	1.45	1.08	−1.94	732	1.17	0.89	−1.54	1.06	0.80	−1.40	1,261	1.33	1.09	−1.61	1.22	1.00	−1.49
Lung cancer	2,248	1.18	1.01	−1.38	1.01	0.86	−1.18	3,091	1.44	1.28	−1.63	1.19	1.05	−1.35	5,339	1.33	1.21	−1.46	1.11	1.01	−1.23
Cancer of intestine and rectum	908	0.92	0.70	−1.21	0.91	0.69	−1.20	1,302	1.22	1.00	−1.50	1.18	0.96	−1.45	2,210	1.10	0.93	−1.29	1.07	0.91	−1.26
Other cancers	3,386	1.21	1.07	−1.37	1.18	1.04	−1.33	4,954	1.21	1.09	−1.34	1.17	1.05	−1.30	8,340	1.21	1.12	−1.31	1.17	1.08	−1.27
Circulatory diseases	5,474	1.19	1.08	−1.32	1.09	0.98	−1.20	7,208	1.24	1.14	−1.35	1.13	1.03	−1.23	12,682	1.22	1.14	−1.30	1.11	1.04	−1.18
Acute myocardial infarction	2,405	1.11	0.95	−1.29	1.02	0.87	−1.19	2,716	1.21	1.05	−1.40	1.11	0.96	−1.28	5,121	1.16	1.05	−1.29	1.07	0.96	−1.18
Other ischaemic heart disease	1,538	1.13	0.93	−1.37	1.03	0.85	−1.25	2,154	1.31	1.12	−1.52	1.17	1.00	−1.36	3,692	1.23	1.09	−1.39	1.11	0.98	−1.25
Cerebro-vascular disease	553	1.35	1.00	−1.81	1.17	0.86	−1.58	863	1.29	1.01	−1.64	1.19	0.93	−1.52	1,416	1.31	1.09	−1.58	1.18	0.98	−1.43
Other circulatory diseases	978	1.42	1.14	−1.76	1.31	1.05	−1.63	1,475	1.17	0.97	−1.42	1.06	0.88	−1.29	2,453	1.27	1.10	−1.46	1.16	1.00	−1.34
Respiratory diseases	406	1.50	1.07	−2.08	1.34	0.95	−1.87	974	1.44	1.16	−1.78	1.22	0.98	−1.52	1,380	1.45	1.21	−1.74	1.25	1.04	−1.51
Alcohol-related diseases	400	2.14	1.60	−2.85	1.54	1.15	−2.07	526	2.33	1.82	−2.98	1.84	1.43	−2.37	926	2.25	1.86	−2.71	1.70	1.40	−2.06
Accidents and violence	2,382	2.01	1.78	−2.26	1.59	1.40	−1.80	2,114	1.88	1.65	−2.14	1.51	1.32	−1.72	4,496	1.94	1.78	−2.12	1.55	1.42	−1.70
Suicide	943	1.94	1.60	−2.35	1.58	1.30	−1.93	879	1.81	1.47	−2.22	1.44	1.17	−1.78	1822	1.87	1.63	−2.16	1.51	1.31	−1.75
Homicide	87	2.78	1.59	−4.85	2.10	1.18	−3.73	50	2.17	0.98	−4.83	1.44	0.63	−3.29	137	2.55	1.62	−4.03	1.83	1.15	−1.94
Traffic accidents	611	1.67	1.29	−2.14	1.35	1.04	−1.75	454	1.51	1.11	−2.05	1.26	0.92	−1.73	1065	1.60	1.32	−1.94	1.31	1.07	−1.60
Falls	104	3.68	2.29	−5.89	2.80	1.71	−4.58	163	1.73	1.06	−2.83	1.49	0.90	−2.47	267	2.44	1.75	−3.42	2.00	1.41	−2.83
Other accidents and violence	637	2.10	1.67	−2.63	1.58	1.25	−2.00	568	2.31	1.82	−2.91	1.81	1.42	−2.30	1205	2.20	1.86	−2.58	1.69	1.42	−1.99
All other causes	2,590	1.60	1.41	−1.82	1.33	1.17	−1.51	3,382	1.58	1.41	−1.77	1.36	1.22	−1.53	5,972	1.59	1.46	−1.73	1.35	1.24	−1.47

(1) Adjusted for age, occupational skill level, educational attainment, marital status, year of immigration, and industry sector.
See Appendix for grouping of causes of death by ICD codes.

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