Table 5 Segment subscale characteristics: all studies combined (n = 516 segment reliability pairs with complete sidewalk data)

Positive Subscales

Building Height and Setbacks

3 (0–4)

Smallest and largest setbacks and building height

1.31 (.644)

.370, 69.0%

.522-.764

Building Height: Road Width and Setback Ratio

3 (0–3)

Smallest and largest setbacks, building height, and road width

.103 (.457)

.614, 97.1%

n/a

Sidewalk Positive Qualities

3 (2–3)

Sidewalk presence and width

2.23 (.419)

.555, 84.6%

.489-1.00

Buffers

2 (0–2)

Buffer presence and width

.826 (.941)

.912, 93.0%

.882-.919

Bicycle Infrastructure

2 (0–3)

Marked bicycle lane, signage

.200 (.706)

.855, 95.4%

.676-.791

Building Aesthetics and Design

4 (0–7)

Street-level windows, building colors and materials

3.85 (1.81)

.705, 38.0%

.549 - .629

Trees

3 (0–5)

Number and spacing of trees, percent of sidewalk shaded

2.15 (2.08)

.744, 51.2%

.540-.737

Informal Path (single item)

1 (0–1)

Is there an informal path (shortcut) which connects to something else?

n/a

.554 (K), 91.1%

n/a

Overall Positive

7 subscales plus 1 item (3–22)

Sum of subscales: building height and setbacks, sidewalk positive qualities, buffers, bike infrastructure, building aesthetics and design, trees, plus item: cul-de-sac connectivity

10.78 (3.29)

.752, 25.4%

See above

Negative Subscales

Sidewalk Negative Qualities

5 (0–4)

Trip hazards, obstructions in the sidewalk

1.09 (1.02)

.675, 55.5%

.494-.796

Sidewalk Steepness (children/teens)

3 (0–5)

Slope, cross-slope (steeper slope acceptable for children)

1.09 (1.01)

.596, 60.1%

.503- .775

Sidewalk Steepness (seniors)

3 (0–7)

Slope, cross-slope (less steep slope acceptable for seniors)

2.18 (1.64)

.633, 42.4%

.502- .746

Overall Negative Subscale (Child/Teen)

2 subscales (0–7)

Sum of subscales: Sidewalk negative qualities, sidewalk steepness (children/teens), building height: road width and setback ratio, negative street design/width

2.18 (1.63)

.693, 42.4%

See above

Overall Negative Subscale (Senior)

2 subscales (0–9)

Sum of subscales: Sidewalk negative qualities, sidewalk steepness (seniors), building height: road width and setback ratio, negative street design/width

3.27 (2.01)

.689, 33.4%

See above

Overall Subscales

Overall Segments Score (Child/Teen)

2 (−1 -19)

Overall Positive – Overall Negative subscales (child/teen)

8.58 (3.43)

.753, 24.0%

See above

Overall Segments Score (Senior)

2 (−2 -19)

Overall Positive – Overall Negative subscales (senior)

7.49 (3.66)

.758, 22.8%

See above