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Table 4 Impacts for male participants

From: “We wouldn’t of made friends if we didn’t come to Football United”:the impacts of a football program on young people’s peer, prosocial and cross-cultural relationships

Impact

FUn

Comparison

Statistic

P

Effect size

Power

Strengths and difficulties, mean (SD)

      

  Emotional symptoms

3.08 (2.47)

2.85 (2.01)

t2,101 = 0.53

0.60

0.11

0.13

  Hyperactivity

2.80 (2.12)

2.96 (1.60)

t2,100 = 0.40

0.69

0.08

0.11

  Peer problems

2.84 (1.93)

3.58 (1.67)

t2,100 = 2.02

0.046

0.40

0.67

  Prosocial behaviour

8.63 (1.42)

7.80 (2.23)

t2,106 = 2.40

0.024

0.45

0.73

Other-group orientation, mean (SD)

1.78 (0.58)

2.23 (0.69)

t2,108 = 3.72

<0.001

0.67

0.98

Resilience*, mean (SD)

3.08 (2.47)

2.85 (2.01)

t2,101 = 0.53

0.60

0.11

0.13

Social inclusion, mean (SD)

      

  Most people can be trusted†

2.44 (0.91)

2.36 (1.06)

t2,107 = 0.43

0.67

0.08

0.11

  Run into friends in the local area†

2.46 (0.95)

2.56 (0.81)

t2,107 = 0.60

0.55

0.11

0.09

Social inclusion, n(%)

      

  Have family members living in the neighbourhood

  

χ2 1 = 2.60

0.11

0.02

 

   Yes

33 (55.0)

35 (70.0)

    

   No

27 (45.0)

15 (30.0)

    

  Have close friends in the neighbourhood

  

χ2 1 = 0.15

0.70

0.003

 

   Yes

31 (51.7)

24 (48.0)

    

   No

29 (48.3)

26 (52.0)

    

  Know people living in the neighbourhood

  

χ2 1 = 2.84

0.09

0.02

 

   Many or most

39 (65.0)

36(80.0)

    

   Few or none

21 (35.0)

9 (20.0)

    
  1. Lower score is more positive response, ie.fewer emotional symptoms, less hyperactive behaviour and fewer peer problems.
  2. Higher score is more positive response, ie. more prosocial behaviour and more resilient.
  3. * Ability to adapt to changes and bounce back after illness, injury or other hardships.