Characteristic | Greece (N=571) | Italy (N=443) | Netherlands (N=425) | Total (N=1439) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Mean age, years (age range) | 55.6 (39–91) | 58.2 (39–85) | 59.2 (40–85) | 57.4 (39–91) |
Gender, n (%) | ||||
Male | 352 (61.5%) | 263 (58.8%) | 199 (46.7%) | 814 (56.3%) |
Female | 220 (38.5%) | 184 (41.2%) | 227 (53.3%) | 631 (43.7%) |
Mean BMI, kg/m2 (range) | 27.6 (12–54) | 26.0 (17–43) | 27.5 (16–54) | 27.1 (12–54) |
Primary reason for seeking medical advice, n (%) | ||||
General medical examination | 319 (57.2%) | 249 (27.1%) | 64 (16.1%) | 629 (45.3%) |
Cardiovascular related | 68 (12.2%) | 31 (7.2%) | 126 (31.7%) | 225 (16.2%) |
Psychiatric related | 15 (2.7%) | 14 (3.2%) | 20 (5.0%) | 49 (3.5%) |
Pulmonary related | 49 (8.8%) | 21 (4.9%) | 52 (13.1%) | 122 (8.8%) |
Gastrointestinal related | 34 (6.1%) | 34 (7.9%) | 12 (3.0%) | 80 (5.8%) |
Metabolic related | 46 (8.2%) | 29 (6.7%) | 37 (9.3%) | 112 (8.1%) |
Prescription | 22 (3.9%) | 6 (1.4%) | 1 (0.3%) | 29 (2.1%) |
Other | 12 (2.2%) | 57 (13.2%) | 89 (22.4%) | 158 (11.4%) |
Lipid levels | ||||
Mean total cholesterol, mmol/L (SD) | 5.7 (1.19) | 5.4 (1.27) | 5.2 (1.19) | 5.5 (1.24) |
Mean HDL cholesterol, mmol/L (SD) | 1.3 (0.38) | 1.3 (0.37) | 1.3 (0.59) | 1.3 (0.45) |
Mean LDL cholesterol, mmol/L (SD) | 3.7 (1.05) | 3.3 (0.89) | 3.2 (1.10) | 3.4 (1.04) |
Blood pressure | ||||
Systolic blood pressure, mmHg (SD) | 135.5 (18.65) | 130.9 (14.59) | 140.4 (17.42) | 135.5 (17.50) |
Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg (SD) | 82.5 (9.70) | 78.7 (8.24) | 83.2 (10.63) | 81.6 (9.75) |
Medical history, n (%) | ||||
Cardiovascular diseases | 97 (17.0%) | 69 (15.6%) | 137 (32.2%) | 303 (21.1%) |
Diabetes | 100 (17.5%) | 74 (16.7%) | 130 (30.6%) | 304 (21.1%) |
Hypertension | 353 (61.8%) | 192 (43.3%) | 238 (56.0%) | 783 (54.4%) |
Hypercholesterolemia | 372 (65.1%) | 161 (36.3%) | 193 (45.4%) | 726 (50.5%) |
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 81 (14.2%) | 88 (19.9%) | 114 (26.8%) | 283 (19.7%) |
Currently treated with medication (yes), n (%) | ||||
Diabetes | 88 (15.4%) | 65 (14.7%) | 107 (25.2%) | 260 (18.1%) |
Hypertension | 280 (49.0%) | 184 (41.5%) | 205 (48.2%) | 669 (46.5%) |
Hypercholesterolemia | 240 (42.0%) | 97 (21.9%) | 153 (36.0%) | 490 (34.1%) |
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 48 (8.4%) | 49 (11.1%) | 86 (20.2%) | 183 (12.7%) |
Family medical history, n (%) | ||||
Cardiovascular diseases | 205 (35.9%) | 100 (22.6%) | 129 (30.4%) | 434 (30.2%) |
Diabetes | 168 (29.4%) | 77 (17.4%) | 91 (21.4%) | 336 (23.3%) |
Hypertension | 280 (49.0%) | 138 (31.2%) | 107 (25.2%) | 525 (36.5%) |
Hypercholesterolemia | 205 (35.9%) | 76 (17.2%) | 70 (16.5%) | 351 (24.4%) |
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 66 (11.6%) | 23 (5.2%) | 59 (13.9%) | 148 (10.3%) |
Number of medical conditions, n (%) | ||||
No conditions | 105 (18.4%) | 145 (32.7%) | 75 (17.6%) | 325 (22.6%) |
1 condition | 136 (23.8%) | 126 (28.4%) | 107 (25.2) | 369 (25.6%) |
2 condition | 181 (31.7%) | 96 (21.7%) | 100 (23.5%) | 377 (26.2%) |
3 condition | 100 (17.5%) | 43 (9.7%) | 81 (19.1%) | 224 (15.6%) |
4 condition | 40 (7.0%) | 28 (6.3%) | 48 (11.3%) | 116 (8.1%) |
5 condition | 9 (1.6%) | 5 (1.1%) | 14 (3.3%) | 28 (1.9%) |
Other disorder characteristics, n (%) | ||||
Persistent chronic cough | 214 (37.6%) | 138 (31.7%) | 121 (28.5%) | 473 (33.1%) |
Excess mucous and phlegm | 115 (20.3%) | 64 (14.7%) | 101 (23.8%) | 280 (19.6%) |
Shortness of breath | 217 (38.2%) | 104 (23.9%) | 106 (25.0%) | 427 (29.9%) |
Wheezing | 95 (16.8%) | 45 (10.3%) | 67 (15.8%) | 207 (14.5%) |