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Table 2 Coding framework

From: The role of community conversations in facilitating local HIV competence: case study from rural Zimbabwe

Basic themes

Issues discussed in CCs

Organising themes

Global themes

Condom distribution

• Improving HIV services

(1) CCs allow community members to develop concrete action plans to cope with HIV

Community conversations (CCs) facilitate HIV competence

• How best to care for PLWHA

Distributing food

Strategies to reduce stigma

(Part I)

Keeping vegetable gardens

Home based care

Engaging with the Church

Participants felt motivated

• Participants want to play a role in the HIV response

(2) CCs provide community members with an opportunity to work with outside facilitators

• Careful and respectful facilitation by outsiders

encouraged to action their plans

• Facilitators enabled new ways of thinking

Valued by facilitators

Challenging damaging norms

Local strengths

• Recognition of the importance of a common purpose

(3) CCs allow community members to work towards a common goal

Local barriers to action

• Importance of taboo subjects to be discussed and ways to collectively overcome stigma

Collective action for more openness

Recognition of lack of individual agency

• Need to act, develop solutions and translation information into action

(4) CCs can facilitate problem solving

Potential of the collective to turn information into action

Sharing of personal stories

• Recognition that HIV is not a family issue but a community responsibility

(5) CCs can overcome HIV-related silence and stigma

Recognising the scale of HIV

• Improvements in HIV communication

Easier to talk about HIV

Good health because of ART

• ART has enabled local efforts to implement action plans

(6) Facilitators of HIV competence

Contextual factors influencing HIV competence

ART has meant HIV is no longer a death sentence

(Part II)

Poverty

• Poverty, droughts and inflation made it sometimes difficult for community members to respond to HIV as they wanted.

(7) Barriers to HIV competence

Poor harvests

Risky behaviours

• Poverty and hunger fuelled risky sexual behaviour

• Political situation meant some community members feared meeting in groups

Political upheaval

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