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Table 2 Characteristics of the study population: school children (10 years), stratified by sex

From: Physical activity and its correlates in children: a cross-sectional study (the GINIplus & LISAplus studies)

   

Total (n 3840)

Boys (n 1997)

Girls (n 1843)

 
   

%

%

%

p-Value*

Outcome

     

Physical activity a (per week)

     

Summer

Light

< 6 h

26.3

27.6

24.9

0.0569

 

6 – 14 h

44.7

44.8

44.6

 
 

> 14 h

29.0

27.6

30.6

 

Moderate

< 5 h

30.3

28.4

32.5

0.0113

 

5 – 9 h

34.5

34.7

34.4

 
 

> 9 h

35.1

36.9

33.2

 

Vigorous

< 4 h

36.5

26.2

47.5

<.0001

 

4 – 6 h

35.3

37.8

32.7

 
 

> 6 h

28.2

36.0

19.8

 

Winter

Light

< 5 h

28.4

28.7

28.1

0.8874

 

5 – 11 h

45.8

45.7

45.9

 
 

> 11 h

25.8

25.6

26.1

 

Moderate

< 3 h

28.5

26.9

30.3

0.0175

 

3 – 6 h

42.6

42.5

42.6

 
 

> 6 h

28.9

30.6

27.1

 

Vigorous

< 3 h

33.8

27.7

40.4

<.0001

 

3 – 4 h

33.2

32.6

33.8

 
 

> 4 h

33.1

39.7

25.9

 

Biological

      

BMI b

 

Underweight

8.7

8.7

8.7

0.6698

 

Normal weight

82.3

81.9

82.8

 
 

Overweight

6.6

6.7

6.5

 
 

Obese

2.4

2.7

2.1

 

Start of puberty

 

yes

29.9

12.2

49.0

<.0001

Siblings

 

yes

87.9

87.7

88.1

0.6928

Parental BMI c

Mother

Underweight

2.5

2.4

2.6

0.4895

 

Normal weight

70.0

69.7

70.3

 
 

Overweight

19.6

20.4

18.8

 
 

Obese

7.9

7.4

8.3

 

Father

Underweight

0.2

0.3

0.1

0.2545

 

Normal weight

43.6

44.3

42.8

 
 

Overweight

45.2

44.6

46.0

 
 

Obese

11.0

10.8

11.2

 

Social

     

Parental education d

Low

5.9

6.5

5.3

0.2067

  

Moderate

26.0

26.5

25.4

 
  

High

68.1

67.0

69.3

 

Household income e

Low

6.4

6.7

6.1

0.2522

  

Moderate

22.7

23.6

21.7

 
  

High

70.9

69.7

72.2

 

Behavioral

      

TV/PC (per day)

Summer

< 1 h

68.0

64.3

72.0

<.0001

 

1 – 2 h

30.4

33.6

26.8

 
 

> 2 h

1.6

2.1

1.2

 

Winter

< 1 h

32.6

29.6

35.8

<.0001

 

1 – 2 h

56.4

57.6

55.1

 
 

> 2 h

11.0

12.8

9.1

 

Method of arriving school f

Active

65.6

66.6

64.6

0.3355

  

Passive

26.6

25.6

27.7

 
  

Mixed

7.8

7.8

7.8

 

Membership of a sports club

yes

85.1

86.8

83.3

0.0021

Time Outdoors (h per day)

 

Summer

< 3 h

11.5

10.7

12.4

0.2373

 

3 – 5 h

68.4

69.3

67.4

 
 

> 5 h

20.1

20.0

20.2

 

Winter

< 2 h

30.3

27.6

33.2

0.0002

 

2 – 3 h

60.7

62.2

59.0

 
 

> 3 h

9.1

10.2

7.8

 

Psychological

     

Emotional Symptoms g

Normal

82.7

83.2

83.2

0.3519

  

Borderline

7.4

6.8

8.1

 
  

Abnormal

9.8

10.0

9.7

 
  1. *p-values from Pearsons Chi-Quadrat Test; aPhysical activity: light activity (no sweating. normal respiration. like walking). moderate activity (some sweating. moderately increased respiration. like cycling/swimming) and vigorous activity (strong sweating. fast respiration like ball games/training); bBMI according to the classification by Kromeyer-Hauschild et al.; cParental BMI according to WHO classification; dParental education: low (less than tenth grade). moderate (tenth grade). high (more than tenth grade); eHousehold income adjusted for size of household and study region (class size based on distribution of parternal education); fHow they reach school: active (by foot or by bike). passive (by car. bus or train). mixed (alternate active and passive way to school); gEmotional symptoms according to the German version of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire.
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