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Table 4 Crude prevalence and adjusted odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval of frequent insufficient sleep (≥14 days/30 days) by individual ACEs and ACE score, 2009 BRFSS

From: Adverse childhood experiences and frequent insufficient sleep in 5 U.S. States, 2009: a retrospective cohort study

ACE

% (95% CI)

Model 1 AOR (95% CI)

Model 2 AOR (95% CI)

Model 3 AOR (95% CI)

Verbal abuse

    

No

25.6 (24.4-26.8)

1.00 (referent)

1.00 (referent)

1.00 (referent)

Yes

37.9 (35.8-40.0)

1.59 (1.42-1.79)

1.50 (1.33-1.68)*

1.32 (1.16-1.50)†

Physical abuse

    

No

26.7 (25.6-27.8)

1.00 (referent)

1.00 (referent)

1.00 (referent)

Yes

40.9 (38.0-43.8)

1.71 (1.50-1.97)

1.62 (1.41-1.86)*

1.43 (1.23-1.65)**

Sexual abuse

    

No

27.1 (26.0-28.3)

1.00 (referent)

1.00 (referent)

1.00 (referent)

Yes

40.9 (37.9-43.8)

1.66 (1.44-1.93)

1.56 (1.35-1.81)*

1.40 (1.19-1.64)**

Substance abusing household member

    

No

25.7 (24.5-26.8)

1.00 (referent)

1.00 (referent)

1.00 (referent)

Yes

36.4 (34.3-38.6)

1.47 (1.30-1.65)

1.38 (1.23-1.55)*

1.25 (1.10-1.42)†

Mentally ill Household member

    

No

26.0 (24.8-27.1)

1.00 (referent)

1.00 (referent)

1.00 (referent)

Yes

40.4 (37.9-43.0)

1.68 (1.47-1.92)

1.60 (1.40-1.83)*

1.42 (1.23-1.64)**

Witnessing domestic violence

    

No

26.8 (25.7-27.9)

1.00 (referent)

1.00 (referent)

1.00 (referent)

Yes

39.1 (36.2-42.0)

1.58 (1.37-1.82)

1.51 (1.31-1.73)*

1.35 (1.16-1.57)**

Incarcerated household member

    

No

27.8 (26.7-28.8)

1.00 (referent)

1.00 (referent)

1.00 (referent)

Yes

42.1 (36.7-47.5)

1.54 (1.21-1.95)

1.40 (1.10-1.78)**

1.23 (0.95-1.60)†

Parental separation/ divorce

    

No

26.5 (25.4-27.7)

1.00 (referent)

1.00 (referent)

1.00 (referent)

Yes

35.0 (32.6-37.3)

1.23 (1.08-1.40)

1.16 (1.02-1.32)**

1.14 (0.99-1.31)**

ACE score

    

0

21.3 (19.8-22.8)

1.00 (referent)

1.00 (referent)

1.00 (referent)

1

27.0 (24.9-29.1)

1.28 (1.11-1.49)

1.25 (1.08-1.45)*

1.21 (1.04-1.41)**

2

34.7 (31.6-37.8)

1.74 (1.46-2.06)

1.68 (1.41-1.99)

1.61 (1.35-1.92)*

3

34.4 (31.0-37.8)

1.68 (1.40-2.02)

1.60 (1.33-1.93)*

1.41 (1.15-1.72)**

4

38.1 (33.0-43.2)

1.91 (1.48-2.46)

1.77 (1.39-2.26)*

1.56 (1.20-2.03)**

≥5

47.0 (42.9-51.0)

2.53 (2.09-3.06)

2.26 (1.86-2.75)*

1.80 (1.46-2.21)†

  1. Model 1: multivariate logistic regression model with sex, age, race/ethnicity, education, and categorical BMI.
  2. Model 2: Model 1 plus smoking status (current smoking vs. former smoker/never smoked).
  3. Model 3: Model 1 plus FMD.
  4. *-10%-<20% percentage change of OR in term of formula=((OR1-OR2(3))/(OR1-1.0))*100.
  5. ** 20%-<40% percentage change of OR.
  6. †40%-<60% percentage change of OR.
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BMC Public Health

ISSN: 1471-2458

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