Table 4 Crude and adjusted odds ratios for factors associated with neonatal mortality
From: Neonatal mortality in Sudan: analysis of the Sudan household survey, 2010
Factor | Crude OR (95%CI) | P value | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Maternal age in years (n= 6301) (R2=0.023)** | ||||
<20 | 1 | 1 | ||
20 – 29 | 1.1 (0.61, 2.00) | 0.752 | 1.1 (0.60, 2.00) | 0.758 |
30 – 39 | 0.9 (0.50, 1.75) | 0.841 | 0.9 (0.49, 1.72) | 0.777 |
≥40 | 2.3 (1.16, 4.55) | 0.017 | 2.4 (1.21, 4.78) | 0.012 |
Maternal education (n= 6301) (R2= − 0.017)** | ||||
Secondary or above (>8 years) | 1 | |||
Intermediate or less (≤8 years) | 1.0 (0.65, 1.60) | 0.919 | ||
Illiterate | 1.2 (0.82, 1.92) | 0.302 | ||
Parity* (n= 6301) (R2= 0.013)** | ||||
2-4 children | 1 | |||
primiparae | 2.3 (1.61,3.23) | <0.00 | ||
Multiparae ≥5 | 1.1 (0.10 , 1.61) | 0.493 | ||
Household wealth index (n= 6301) (R2= − 0.034)** | ||||
Highest | 1 | 1 | ||
Middle | 1.1 (1.11 , 2.21) | 0.834 | 1.1 (0.69 , 1.72) | 0.710 |
Lowest | 1.6 (1.11 , 2.21) | 0.012 | 1.6 (1.18 , 2.47) | 0.005 |
Place of Residence (n= 6301) (R2= − 0.001)** | ||||
Rural | 1 | |||
Urban | 1.0 (0.74 , 1.41) | 0.918 | ||
Child sex (n= 6301) (R2= − 0.047)** | ||||
Female | 1 | 1 | < 0.001 | |
Male | 1.6 ( 1.30 , 2.38) | 0.017 | 1.8 (1.31 , 2.42) | |
Household head education (n= 6263) (R2= − 0.007)** | ||||
Have some education | 1 | 0.344 | ||
Illiterate | 1.2 (0.86 , 1.55) | |||
Antenatal care utilization (n= 6301) (R2= − 0.016)** | ||||
Professional health care | 1 | |||
Non/ traditional care | 1.2 (0.89 , 1.68) | 0.211 | ||
Ever has tetanus toxoid vaccination (n= 6301) (R2= 0.001)** | ||||
Yes | 1 | |||
No | 1.0 ( 0.72 , 1.36) | 0.948 | ||
Delivery assistance (n= 6217) (R2= − 0.016)** | ||||
Yes | 1 | |||
No | 1.0 ( 0.72 , 1.36) | 0.948 | ||
Mode of delivery (n= 6301) (R2= 0.024)** | ||||
Vaginal | 1 | 1 | ||
Caesarean section | 1.6 (0.98 , 2.60) | 0.060 | 1.6 (1.78 , 2.42) | 0.013 |
Place of delivery (n= 6206) (R2=0.002)** | ||||
Home | 1 | |||
Health facility | 1.0 (0.72 , 1.46) | 0.897 | ||
Pregnancy complications* (n= 6301) (R2=0.044)** | ||||
No | 1 | |||
Yes | 1.7 (1.24 , 2.23) | 0.001 | ||
Delivery complications (n= 6301) (R2=0.030)** | ||||
No | 1 | 1 | ||
Yes | 1.4 (1.06 , 1.90) | 0.018 | 1.4 (1.18, 2.15) | 0.002 |