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Table 3 Presence of alcohol, pharmaceutical drugs, and illicit drugs in relation to sex among drowning deaths in Sweden (1992–2009)

From: Drowning deaths in Sweden with emphasis on the presence of alcohol and drugs – a retrospective study, 1992–2009

 

Male N (%)

Female N (%)

Total N (%)

Blood alcohol

      

Negative*

1756

(58)

965

(72)

2721/4377

(62)

Positive

1285

(42)

371

(28)

1656/4377

(38)

BAC (g/l)

      

0.2-0.4

111

(9)

46

(12)

157

(9)

0.5-0.9

116

(9)

58

(16)

174

(11)

1.0–1.4

137

(11)

53

(14)

190

(11)

1.5–1.9

244

(19)

71

(19)

315

(19)

2.0–2.4

273

(21)

55

(15)

328

(20)

2.5–2.9

254

(20)

54

(14)

308

(19)

3.0–3.4

103

(8)

19

(5)

122

(7)

≥3.5

47

(4)

15

(4)

62

(4)

Not tested

287/3041

(9)

151/1336

(11)

435/4812

(9)

Pharmaceutical

      

Negative

1949/2863

(68)

477/1318

(36)

2426/4181

(58)

Positive

914/2863

(32)

841/1318

(64)

1755/4181

(42)

Benzodiazepines

384/2863

(13)

507/1318

(38)

891/4181

(21)

Opiates

241/2863

(8)

229/1318

(17)

470/4181

(11)

Antidepressant

410/2863

(14)

452/1318

(34)

612/4181

(15)

Neuroleptica

173/2863

(6)

165/1318

(13)

338/4181

(8)

Antiepileptic

53/2863

(2)

28/1318

(2)

81/4181

(2)

Not tested

462/3325

(14)

169/1487

(11)

631/4812

(13)

Illicit drugs

      

Negative

577/650

(89)

195/204

(96)

772/854

(90)

Positive

73/650

(11)

9/204

(4)

82/854

(10)

Not tested

2675/3325

(80)

1283/1487

(86)

3958/4812

(82)

  1. * BAC below < 0.2 ‰ was considered to be negative since alcohol level can raise due to decomposition process.