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Table 5 Weighted prevalences for risk factors for HIV infection by employment status

From: HIV risk perception and distribution of HIV risk among African, Caribbean and other Black people in a Canadian city: mixed methods results from the BLACCH study

Risk factors

Unemployed or underemployed^

(n = 43)

Student

(n = 78)

Employed in a regular full-Time position, or self-employed (n = 66)

P-value

 

wPrev.(95% CI)

wPrev.(95% CI)

wPrev.(95% CI)

 

Factors associated with exposure to HIV

    

Age of sexual debut

   

0.008 b *

  Never had sex

9.0 (3.5, 21.2)

29.1 (16.8, 45.6)

——

 

  12 years old or younger

4.5 (0.8, 21.1)

2.0 (0.5, 8.1)

14.4 (5.3, 33.8)

 

  13 to 15 years old

5.7 (1.8, 16.9)

8.9 (4.1, 18.5)

12.9 (5.1, 29.1)

 

  16 to 18 years old

22.1 (9.9, 42.2)

23.6 (13.2, 38.6)

38.9 (25.7, 54.0)

 

  19+ years old

47.2 (25.9, 69.5)

27.1 (15.6, 42.9)

24.3 (14.4, 38.0)

 

Engaged in transactional sex

3.9 (1.0, 14.3)

1.4 (0.3, 7.7)

2.6 (0.5, 13.0)

0.719a

History of forced/unwanted sex

7.9 (2.8, 19.9)

31.3 (18.0, 48.6)

20.6 (11.8, 33.5)

0.079a

Had a sexual partner who injected drugs

——

2.4 (0.6, 8.7)

3.7 (1.0, 13.4)

0.620b

Factors associated HIV exposure and transmission

    

Ever test for HIV

63.3 (42.6, 80.0)

59.4 (43.8, 73.3)

57.2 (41.3, 71.8)

0.403a

HIV test in Canada, past year

22.8 (8.8, 47.7)

18.6 (10.7, 30.2)

15.1 (6.5, 31.4)

0.636a

Shared drug use equipment

——

——

1.9 (0.3, 10.0)

0.557b

Abstinence, lifetime

9.0 (3.5, 21.2)

29.1 (16.8, 45.6)

——

0.002 b *

Abstinence, past year

29.7 (15.1, 50.1)

36.8 (23.4, 52.5)

12.2 (6.3, 22.2)

0.043 a *

Unprotected sex, cohabiting regular partner, past year

46.1 (25.3, 68.4)

35.3 (23.3, 49.3)

65.3 (48.7, 78.8)

0.047 a *

Unprotected sex, non-cohabiting regular partner, past year

39.9 (19.9, 63.9)

26.7 (16.6, 39.9)

51.1 (35.8, 66.2)

0.109a

Unprotected sex during last intercourse, regular partner

43.7 (23.2, 66.7)

20.1 (12.3, 31.1)

53.9 (38.3, 68.7)

0.014 a *

Unprotected sex, casual partner, past year

3.2 (0.7, 13.3)

4.2 (1.5, 11.2)

18.4 (7.5, 38.5)

0.007 a *

Unprotected sex during last intercourse, casual partner

18.7 (4.6, 52.5)

5.6 (1.7, 16.7)

14.0 (4.8, 34.4)

0.343a

Never using condom, past year

26.6 (13.3, 46.2)

21.9 (11.8, 36.9)

55.2 (39.6, 69.9)

0.005 a *

Ever mixed sex with drugs or alcohol

30.0 (14.0, 53.1)

29.2 (17.0, 45.3)

47.7 (32.7, 63.1)

0.305)a

Non-monogamous sexual partnership, past year

22.7 (8.5, 48.2)

15.1 (7.5, 28.0)

16.4 (6.8, 34.6)

0.734a

History of sexually transmitted infections

9.1 (3.3, 22.8)

14.1 (7.1, 26.1)

38.5 (24.4, 54.8)

0.018 a *

Number of sex partners, lifetime

   

0.002 b*

  None

9.0 (3.5, 21.2)

29.1 (16.8, 45.6)

——

 

  1

23.7 (7.7, 53.7)

2.8 (0.8, 9.2)

1.9 (0.3, 10.0)

 

  2 to 4

17.5 (8.1, 33.7)

19.8 (11.9, 31.1)

18.2 (10.5, 29.7)

 

  5 to 9

17.3 (6.6, 38.1)

16.6 (7.8, 31.9)

21.5 (11.4, 36.9)

 

  10 to 19

16.8 (4.9, 44.0)

15.2 (6.0, 33.5)

13.8 (6.5, 26.9)

 

  20 or more

6.9 (2.0, 21.6)

3.4 (1.1, 10.1)

20.7 (9.9, 38.2)

 

Number of sex partners, past year

   

<0.001 a c

  0

29.7 (15.1, 50.0)

36.8 (23.4, 52.5)

12.2 (6.3, 22.2)

 

  1

23.6 (11.8, 41.6)

27.9 (16.7, 42.8)

56.3 (40.4, 71.0)

 

  2

41.6 (20.6, 66.2)

11.7 (5.8, 22.0)

14.6 (6.5, 29.8)

 

  3 or more

2.1 (0.4, 11.8)

20.9 (10.1, 38.3)

9.9 (2.9, 28.6)

 
  1. n = column total, not adjusted for nonresponse using sample weights.
  2. a P-value from Rao-Scott chi-square test.
  3. b P-value from Rao-Scott chi-square test with assumed design correction of 2 (conservative estimate).
  4. ^ Includes those who do not fall in the other three categories, but are: unemployed, employed occasionally, employed seasonally, or employed part-time.
  5. *Statistically significant at p = 0.05.
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