Risk factors | Other^ (n = 21) | Permanent resident/landed immigrant or refugee (n = 38) | Naturalized Canadian citizen (n = 96) | Canadian-born (n = 29) | P-value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | wPrev (95% CI) | wPrev (95% CI) | wPrev (95% CI) | wPrev (95% CI) |  |
Factors associated with exposure to HIV | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Age of sexual debut | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.516b |
  Never had sex | 28.1 (13.2, 50.1) | 19.9 (6.3, 47.6) | 10.1 (5.4, 18.2) | 6.9 (1.9, 21.9) |  |
  12 years old or younger | 21.6 (5.8, 55.2) | —— | 9.8 (3.3, 25.6) | 5.3 (1.0, 23.4) |  |
  13 to 15 years old | 16.2 (4.9, 42.1) | 5.3 (1.5, 17.3) | 9.5 (3.8, 21.9) | 17.1 (7.1, 36.0) |  |
  16 to 18 years old | 7.4 (1.8, 26.2) | 27.4 (12.3, 50.3) | 33.1 (22.3, 46.0) | 31.3 (14.8, 54.4) |  |
  19+ years old | 20.5 (8.6, 41.6) | 43.4 (19.8, 70.3) | 22.5 (14.5, 33.1) | 37.6 (18.2, 62.0) |  |
Engaged in transactional sex | 10.1 (2.9, 29.6) | —— | 0.9 (0.14, 5.4) | 8.5 (2.3, 26.6) | 0.205b |
History of forced/unwanted sex | 16.7 (5.5, 40.9) | 7.8 (2.7, 20.7) | 13.7 (7.8, 23.0) | 58.5 (37.2, 77.0) | <0.001 a * |
Had a sexual partner who injected drugs | —— | —— | 0.7 (0.1, 5.0) | 11.0 (3.7, 28.8) | 0.105b |
Factors associated HIV exposure and transmission | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Ever test for HIV | 61.5 (38.9, 80.0) | 80.2 (52.5, 93.7) | 41.8 (29.8, 54.9) | 72.0 (51.5, 86.1) | 0.040 a * |
HIV test in Canada, past year | 4.9 (0.9, 22.9) | 16.2 (7.6, 31.3) | 19.2 (10.7, 32.1) | 7.4 (2.1, 22.6) | 0.212a |
Shared drug use equipment | —— | —— | —— | 4.2 (0.8, 19.5) | 0.380b |
Abstinence, lifetime | 28.1 (13.2, 50.1) | 19.9 (6.3, 47.6) | 10.1 (5.4, 18.2) | 6.9 (1.9, 21.9) | 0.223a |
Abstinence, past year | 44.7 (24.2, 67.2) | 35.6 (16.1, 61.3) | 26.6 (17.2, 38.8) | 10.0 (3.4, 25.9) | 0.140a |
Unprotected sex, cohabiting regular partner, past year | 22.6 (9.1, 45.8) | 50.9 (26.4, 74.9) | 56.2 (42.9, 68.6) | 44.9 (25.4, 66.2) | 0.314a |
Unprotected sex, non-cohabiting regular partner, past year | 10.3 (3.0, 29.9) | 44.9 (21.1, 71.2) | 43.7 (31.4, 56.8) | 38.1 (20.6, 59.3) | 0.240a |
Unprotected sex during last intercourse, regular partner | 10.3 (3.0, 29.9) | 47.0 (23.0, 72.4) | 48.0 (35.3, 61.0) | 25.8 (12.5, 45.9) | 0.072a |
Unprotected sex, casual partner, past year | 7.5 (1.8, 26.3) | 1.5 (0.2, 11.8) | 14.8 (6.3, 31.0) | 5.5 (1.3, 20.0) | 0.090a |
Unprotected sex during last intercourse, casual partner | —— | 27.7 (7.8, 63.5) | 11.5 (4.3, 27.5) | 5.5 (1.3, 20.0) | 0.143b |
Never using condom, past year | 6.9 (1.5, 26.1) | 27.4 (13.8, 47.1) | 44.0 (31.3, 57.6) | 43.6 (23.5, 66.0) | 0.081a |
Ever mixed sex with drugs or alcohol | 33.8 (16.4, 57.2) | 18.0 (7.9, 36.1) | 31.7 (20.5, 45.6) | 63.9 (40.4, 82.1) | 0.014 a * |
Non-monogamous sexual partnership, past year | 36.0 (15.3, 63.5) | 7.6 (2.1, 23.7) | 12.8 (5.4, 27.3) | 16.6 (6.5, 36.0) | 0.194a |
History of sexually transmitted infections | 13.3 (4.4, 33.4) | 17.0 (7.0, 35.5) | 20.8 (11.3, 35.0) | 42.3 (23.1, 64.1) | 0.358a |
Number of sex partners, lifetime | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.135b |
  None | 28.1 (13.2, 50.1) | 19.9 (6.3, 47.6) | 0.1 (5.4, 18.2) | 6.9 (1.9, 21.9) |  |
  1 | —— | 24.0 (5.6, 62.5) | 8.4 (4.3, 15.6) | —— |  |
  2 to 4 | 20.2 (8.4, 41.3) | 20.4 (9.6, 38.0) | 21.9 (13.8, 33.0) | 6.6 (1.8, 21.5) |  |
  5 to 9 | 18.3 (6.5, 41.8) | 15.8 (5.6, 37.3) | 20.3 (11.0, 34.3) | 23.4 (9.2, 48.1) |  |
  10 to 19 | 7.7 (1.9, 26.6) | 4.9 (0.9, 22.6) | 7.9 (3.4, 17.1) | 34.3 (15.9, 59.1) |  |
  20 or more | 18.5 (4.1, 54.6) | 2.0 (0.3, 12.5) | 13.4 (5.9, 27.7) | 14.4 (5.5, 32.6) |  |
Number of sex partners, past year |  |  |  |  | (p = 0.087)a |
  0 | 44.7 (24.2, 67.2) | 35.6 (16.1, 61.3) | 26.6 (17.2, 38.8) | 10.0 (3.4, 25.9) |  |
  1 | 15.5 (5.6, 36.0) | 27.3 (13.2, 48.1) | 40.0 (28.2, 53.0) | 56.9 (34.6, 76.8) |  |
  2 | 23.9 (7.2, 56.0) | 26.0 (6.8, 62.7) | 18.8 (10.7, 30.9) | 3.9 (0.7, 17.8) |  |
  3 or more | 15.9 (5.1, 40.2) | 6.1 (1.4, 22.7) | 7.9 (2.5, 22.5) | 29.2 (12.2, 55.0) |  |