Table 1 Sample characteristics of cross-sectional sample at baseline and never smokers at follow-up, Vallejo, CA
From: Racial differences in cigarette brand recognition and impact on youth smoking
Characteristics at baseline | Cross-sectional analysis (n = 2,589) | Longitudinal analysis (n = 1,179) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Variable | Sample | Variable | Sample | |
n | % or M (SD) | n | % or M (SD) | |
Socio-demographics | ||||
Gender (Male) | 2568 | 44.7% | 1170 | 40.5% |
Race | 2589 | 1179 | ||
African American | 31.4% | 31.8% | ||
Asian/Pacific Islander | 30.5% | 37.7% | ||
White | 18.8% | 23.1% | ||
Other | 19.3% | 7.5% | ||
Ethnicity (Hispanic) | 2589 | 33.8% | 1179 | 36.6% |
Grade level | 2578 | 1177 | ||
6 | 18.5% | 19.3% | ||
7 | 36.7% | 38.3% | ||
8 | 31.5% | 27.4% | ||
9 | 13.4% | 15.0% | ||
Baseline survey year | 2589 | 1179 | ||
2006 | 63.7% | 58.1% | ||
2007 | 36.3% | 41.9% | ||
Retail tobacco marketing exposure | ||||
Shopping frequency (visits per week) | 2584 | 3.96 (4.03) | 1177 | 3.27 (3.64) |
Brand recognition | ||||
Camel (menthol) | 2559 | 52.2% | 1166 | 48.6% |
Marlboro | 2559 | 36.1% | 1168 | 34.4% |
Newport (menthol) | 2572 | 32.0% | 1174 | 25.9% |
Other risk factors for smoking | ||||
Grade-point average | 2529 | 2.52 (1.11) | 1153 | 2.73 (1.05) |
Unsupervised days after school | 2573 | 2.47 (2.04) | 1177 | 2.29 (2.05) |
Risk-taking propensity | 2577 | 2.41 (1.04) | 1174 | 2.18 (0.92) |
At least 1 smoker at home | 2571 | 42.7% | 1176 | 37.7% |
At least 1 friend smokes | 2577 | 34.4% | 1178 | 25.6% |
Ever smoked, at least a puff | 2568 | 25.8% | Excluded from analysis | |