A systematic review of intervention effects on potential mediators of children’s physical activity

Brown, Helen; Hume, Clare; Pearson, Natalie; Salmon, Jo

doi:10.1186/1471-2458-13-165

BMC Public Health

Table 1 Summary of size and association between the intervention and potential mediator and physical activity outcomes

From: A systematic review of intervention effects on potential mediators of children’s physical activity

		Studies with positive significant effect on potential mediator (and rating of effect size)	Physical activity outcomes*	Studies with no significant effect on Potential mediator (and rating of effect size)	Physical activity outcomes*
Cognitive/psychological
Self-efficacy towards PA	14	T [45, 47, 52]	+ [35, 43, 45, 47, 52, 62]	T [49, 53, 59]	+ [49, 53, 59]
		S [43, 63] (gp 1&2)		S [55]
		L [62]	0 [63] (gp 1&2)	M [57]	0 [36, 37, 55, 57]
		NC [35]		NC [36, 37]
Self-perception/self-esteem	5	L [63] (gp.1)	+ [63] (gp.1)	T [67]	+ [57, 63] (gp 2), [67]
				S [55, 57]
				M [56]	0 [55, 56]
				L [63] (gp 2)
Knowledge	9	S [42, 43]	+ [43, 59, 71]	S [66]	+ [66]
		M [59, 68, 71]		NC [37]
		NC [33, 34]	0 [33, 34, 42, 68]		0 [37]
Enjoyment of PA	6	L [49, 60]	+ [49, 60]	T [48] (boys)	+ [48] (boys), [48] (girls),
				S [48] (girls), [56, 67]	[53, 67]
				M [53]
					0 [56]
Intention to be physically active	5	T [65] (boys)	+ [46]	S [67]	+ [36, 67]
		M [46]		M [65] (girls)
			0 [65] (boys)	NC [36, 38]	0 [38, 65] (girls)
Outcome expectancies	5	S [47]	+ [36, 47]	T [49]	+ [49, 57]
Outcome expectancies		NC [36]		S [55, 57]	0 [55]
Preference for PA	4	S [57]	+ [46, 57]	S [55]	0 [54, 55]
Preference for PA		L [46]		L [54]
Attitude towards PA	2	M [44]	+ [44]	T [66]	0 [66]
Perception of safety	2	-	-	T [49, 50]	+ [49]
Perception of safety					0 [50]
PA beliefs	2	S [65] (boys and girls)	0 [65] (boys and girls)	T [47]	+ [47]
Habit	1	NC [36]	+ [36]	-
Attraction to PA	1	-	-	M [46]	+ [46]
Exercise behavioural capability	1	NC [35]	0 [35]	-	-
Awareness of PA levels	1	-	-	NC [36]	+ [36]
Perceived behavioural control	1	NC [38]	0 [38]	-	-
Social Environmental
Social support for PA	6	T [47, 65] (boys)	+ [47]	T [49]	+ [36, 45, 49, 53]
				S [53]
			0 [65] (boys)	M [65] (girls)	0 [65] (girls)
				L [45]
				NC [36]
Family support for PA	4	L [58] (mother)	0 [58] (mother)	T [58] (father)	+ [47, 57, 67]
Family support for PA				S [47, 57, 67]	0 [58] (father)
Peer support for PA	1	-	-	S [47]	+ [47]
Physical environmental	0	0		0

KEY:
Effect on PA: + = significant effect on physical activity (PA) outcome, 0= no significant effect on PA outcome, +/0= mixed result.
Effect size: T= trivial (≤0.2), S= small (>0.2-0.5), M= moderate (>0.5-0.8), L= large (>0.8), NC=not able to be calculated.

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ISSN: 1471-2458

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